MATH_101_Practice_problems_for_Final_Exam_1.

Directions: Directions: Read all directions carefully. Questions are on both sides of these sheets. Label the answers with the appropriate units. Use ‘leading zeros” where appropriate. Use only approved calculators. Convert: 1. 7.1 mg = 7100 mcg mcg going up in units going down in units, g MULTIPLY by 1000 mg Convert mg to mcg = 7.1 mg x 1000 = 7100 mcg DIVIDE by 1000 mcg L mL 2. 130 mL = 0.13 L L Convert mL to L = 130 mL / 1000 = 3. 875 mcg = 0.875 mg mg Convert mcg to mg = 875 mcg / 1000 = 0.875 mg 4. 0.455 g = 455 mg _ mg Convert g to mg = 0.455 g x 1000 = 455 mg 5. 0.39 L = 390 mL mL Convert L to mL = 0.39 L x 1000 = 390 mL 6. 130 lb = 59.1 kg kg (round to the nearest tenth) Convert lbs to kg = 130 / 2.2 = 59.09 kg Weight is measured in WHOLE number (before the decimal) and TENTHS place (first number AFTER the decimal. 9 is in the hundredths place and above 5, means you round UP in the tenths place. 0 becomes 1. 59.1 kg 7.8 lb 6 oz = 3.8 kg kg (round to the nearest tenth) Convert oz to lbs FIRST. 6oz = 1 lbs 6 ------ (oz cancel out) = -- (Divide) = 0.375 lbs 16 oz 16 Convert lbs to kg = 8.375 / 2.2 = 3.80 kg Weight is measured in WHOLE number (before the decimal) and TENTHS place (first number AFTER the decimal. 0 is in the hundredths place and below 5, means the tenths place will stay the same number. 3.8 kg 8.The physician’s order reads Vibramycin 100 mg PO twice a day. Supply: How many mL will the patient receive per dose? 20 mL/dose mL A=D --- x Q = 100 mg 100 H x 5 mL (mg cancel out) 25 mg ----- (Divide) = 4 x 5 mL = 20 mL 25 9.The physician orders Decadron 0.75 mg PO q12h . The medication is supplied as 0.25 mg tablets How many tablets will the nurse administer per dose? 3 tablets/dose tablets A=D ---xQ = 0.75 mg H (Divide)(mg cancel out) x Tablet = 3 tablets 0.25 mg 10.Lactated Ringer’s solution 1000 mL is to be infused over 16 hours. How many milliliters per hour should the IV fluids be infused? 63 mL/h FR=V -- = 1000 mL mL/h (Round your answer to the nearest whole number) T ----------- (Divide) = 62.5 mL/h 16 hours (Round to your nearest WHOLE number (Number before the decimal). 5 is in the tenths place, meansyou round UP in the whole number. 63 mL/h 11.A child weighing 12 lb has an order for Phenobarbital 10 mg POq12h. The recommended dosage is 3-5 mg/kg/day divided q12h . Phenobarbital elixir is available as 20 mg/ 5mL. a.What is the client’s weight in kilograms? 5.5 kg (round to the nearest tenth) Convert lbs to kg = 12 / 2.2 = 5.45 kg (Weight is measured in WHOLE number (number before the decimal and the tenths place (first number after the decimal. 5 is in the hundredths place, means you round UP. 4 becomes 5.) 5.5 kg b.What is the safe 24-hour dosage range for this child? 16.5-27.5 mg/day Multiply kg weight by recommended dosage 5.5 x 3 = 16.5 mg/day 5.5 x 5 = 27.5 mg/day c.Is the dosage ordered safe? (YES or NO, Prove mathematically – be specific) YES Multiple order = 10 mg x 2 (times per day) = 20 mg/day Dosage is SAFE because it falls in the range of 16.5-27.5 mg/day d. If the ordered dosage safe how many mL will the nurse administer? If the ordered dosage not safe what nursing intervention is needed? 2.5 mL/dose A=D --- x Q = 10 mg H (Divide) (mg cancel out) x 5 mL = 2.5 mL/dose 20 mg 12.A patient has an order Lopressor 25 mg po twice a day. The medication is available as Lopressor scored tablets 50 mg. How many tablets should the patient receive per dose? 0.5 tablets/dose tablets A=D ---x Q = 25 mg H (Divide)(mg cancel out) x tablet = 0.5 tablets/dose 50 mg 13.Calculate the morning fluid intake for the following client in mL: Breakfast: 2 sliced apples, 12 ounces of water, 1/3 cup of milk and 8 ounces of coffee. ****You cannot calculate apple slices (Don't get caught up on this. It cannot be measured in mL. It is a way to test you.**** Water = 12 oz = 30 mL -------- (oz cancel out)(Multiply) = 360 mL 1 oz 1 8 oz 30 mL = 240 Add = 360 80 Milk = - cup x ------ x (cups and oz cancel out)(Multiply) ----- (Divide) = 240 3 1 cup 1 oz ------ 3 680 mL total Coffee = 8 oz x 30 mL -------- (oz cancel out)(Multiply) = 1 oz 680 mL mL 14.The prescriber orders Lasix (furosemide) 20 mg IM mg stat. Available: How many mL will the patient receive per dose? 2 mL/dose mL A=D --- x Q= 20 mg H -------- (mg cancel out)(Divide) x 4 mL = 2 mL/dose 40 mg 15.A physician orders 15 mg of Codeine IM q 4 hours prn for pain. A 20 mL vial with a concentration of 100 mg/ mL is available. How many milliliters should the patient receive per dose? 0.15 mL/dose mL A= D --- x Q = 15 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x mL = 0.15 mL/dose 100 mg 16.Doctor’s order reads Heparin 8000 units subcut q8h. Heparin is available as 10000 units/mL solution. How many mL should the patient receive per dose? A=D -- x Q= 8000 units 0.8 mL H (units cancel out)(Divide) x mL = 0.8 mL mL 10000 units 17.A physician orders Allopurinol 0.25 g PO every day. Medication available is Allopurinol scored tablets labeled 100 mg.. How many tablets should the patient receive per dose? Order is in grams. FIRST convert g to mg. 0.25 g x 1000 = 250 mg A= D --- xQ= 250 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x tablet = 2.5 tablets 100 mg 2.5 tablets/dose tablets 18.Acetaminophen elixir 10 mg/ kg is ordered for a child weighing 14 kg. Medication available is Acetaminophen elixir 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the patient receive per dose? PAY ATTENTION!!! The weight is already in KG. You do not need to convert the weight! Multiply 14 kg x 10 mg = 140 mg A=D --x Q = 140 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x 5 mL = 4.375 mg/dose 160 mg (Round to nearest tenth (First number after the decimal. 7 is in hundredths place, means you round UP in tenths. 3 becomes 4. 4.4 mg/dose mL (Round your answer to the nearest tenth) 4.4 mg/dose 19.The prescriber orders Zofran 8 mg PO before chemotherapy. Zofran is available as 4 mg 5/mL solution. How many teaspoons should the patient receive per dose? A=D -- x Q = 8 mg 10 mL = 1 t ---- (mL cancel out)(Divide) = 10 = 2 t H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x 5 mL = 10 mL 4 mg 5 mL ---- 5 2 t/dose t 20.A client’s intake was the following: 1/3 cup of coffee 1_ 1/2 bottle of water ( 1 bottle =12 oz) 3 T of ice cream Calculate the client’s intake in mL. 665 mL 1 8 oz 30 mL - cup x ------ x (cup and oz cancel out)(Multiply) = 240 3 1 cup 1 oz ----- (Divide) = 80 mL 3 11 (Mixed Number convert = 3 12 oz 30 mL - to fraction) - bottle x x -------- (bottle and oz cancel out)(Multiply) = 1080 3 T x 15 mL 2 1 bottle 1 oz ------- (Divide) = 540 mL 2 -------- (T cancel out)(Multiply) = 1 T 21.A physician orders Compazine 10 mg IM q4h prn. Available: Add 80 540 45 665 mL How many mL should the patient receive per dose? 2 mL/dose mL A=D --- x Q = 10 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x mL = 2 mL/dose 22.Doctor orders Retrovir 0.2 g PO tid. Retrovir is available as capsules labeled 100 mg. How many capsules should the patient receive per dose? 2 capsules/dose capsules FIRST Convert g to mg = 0.2 x 1000 = 200 mg A=D ---x Q = 200 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x Capsule = 2 capsules 100 mg 23.A patient has an order Nembutal 150 mg IM at bedtime. Medication available is 50 mg/mL solution. How many mL should the patient receive per dose? 3mL/dose mL A=D --- x Q = 150 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x mL = 3 mL/dose 50 mg 24.The doctor orders KCL 45 mEq per G-tube q 12 hours. The available is KCL 15 mEq per 10 mL. How many mL should the patient receive per dose? 30 mL/dose mL A=D ---x Q = 45 mEq H (mEq cancel out)(Divide) x 10 mL = 30 mL/dose 15 mEq 25.A physician orders Ilosone 250 mg PO q6h for a child weighing 44 pounds. The recommended dosage of Ilosone is 30 - 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses 4 times a day. Ilosone is available as 125mg/5 mL oral solution. a.What is the child's weight in kilograms? Convert lbs to kg = 44 / 2.2 = 20 kg 20 kg (round to the nearest tenth) b.What is the safe 24-hour dosage range for this child? 600-1000 mg/day 20kg x 30mg = 600 mg/day 20kg x 50 mg = 1000 mg/dy c.Is the dosage ordered safe? (YES or NO, Prove mathematically) 250 mg x 4 (times per day) = 1000 mg/day Yes SAFE! Ordered dose is within the safe range of the recommended dose! d. If the ordered dosage safe how many mL will the nurse administer? If the ordered dosage not safe what nursing intervention is needed? 10 mL/day A=D --- x Q = 250 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x 5 mL = 10 mL/dose 125 mg 26.A physician orders Coumadin (warfarin) 10 mg PO daily. Available: Based on the doctor’s order which dosage strength of Coumadin should the nurse administer? **Make sure you are chosing the dosage strength that will give the patient the least amount of tablets to administer. 5 mg/tablet 27.An order reads D5LR* 1.5 L IV infusion over 12 hours by infusion pump. What is the flow rate? 125 mL/hr mL/hr (Round your answer to the nearest whole number) FR=V -- T = 1.5 L ------- x 12 hrs 1000 (Must multiply by 1000 to get from L to mL) = 1500 mL ------------ (Divide) =125 mL/hr 12 hrs 28.Order: Bicillin C-R 1,200,000 units IM stat Available: a)How many milliliters will the nurse administer? 2 mL/dose mL (Round your answer to the tenths) A=D ---x Q = 1,200,000 units H (units cancel out)(Divide) x 2 mL = 2 mL 1,200,000 units b)Carefully draw an arrow to show the correct dosage on the syringe. 29.A patient is to receive cefuroxime (Zinacef) 1 gram D5W 200 mL IV q8h, to infuse over 60 minutes. How many drops per minute would infuse with a drop factor that delivers 15 gtts/mL? 50 gtt/min gtt/ min (Round your answer to the nearest whole drop.) FR=V 200 mL 15 gtt -- = ----------x (mL cancel out)(Multiply) = 3000 T 60 min 1 mL ------- (Divide) = 50 gtt/min 60 30.A patient is to receive Clindamycin 0.9 gram in 75 mL D5W over 30 minutes. The drop factor is 10 gtt/mL. How many drops per minute should be given? 25 gtt/min gtt/ min (Round your answer to the nearest whole drop.) FR=V 75 mL 10 gtt -- =-------- x (mL cancel out)(Multiply) = 750 T 30 min 1 mL -----(Divide) = 25 gtt/min 30 31.The doctor prescribes 60 mg of IM gentamycine every 12 hours. The drug is available in 20 mL multiple dose vial containing 40 mg of gentamycine /mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? 1.5 mL/dose mL ( Round your answer to the tenths) A=D ---x Q = 60 mg H -------- (mg cancel out)(Divide) x mL = 1.5 mL/dose 40 mg 32.Directions: Use the labels to identify the information requested. If more than one answer is needed, separate your answers with commas. a.Trade name: Augmentin b.Generic name: Amoxicillin, Clavulanate Potassium c.Dosage strength: 125 mg/5 mL d.Form: Liquid 33.The physician orders Epivir 150 mg po BID. Available is Epivir oral solution 10 mg /mL. How many tablespoons will you administer per dose? 1 T/dose T A=D ---x Q= 150 mg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x mL = 15 mL/dose 10 mg 15 mL = 1 T 34.In military time, 8:22 PM is: 2022 hours If you have a difficult time figuring out military time, I write every hour of the day from 12am to 12am (the full 24 hours). Starting at 1pm going to 12am, I write 1pm = 13, 2pm=14, etc. It's much to count hours and also figure out what military time equals what standard time. 35.The order reads Cimetidine 0.8 g PO bedtime. Available is Cimetidine 400 mg tablets. How many capsules will you give per dose? Convert g to mg FIRST = 0.8 x 1000 = 800 mg A=D ---x Q= 800 mg 2 tablets/dose H tablets ---------- (mg cancel out)(Divide) x tablet = 2 tablets/dose 400 mg tenths e same) 39.The physician orders Zithromax 15 mg/kg PO stat for a patient who weighs 18 pounds. The medication is supplied in 200 mg/5mL oral solution. How many mL will be administered per dose? 3.1mL/dose Convert lbs to kg = 18 / 2.2 = 8.18 mL (round to the nearest tenths) 8.2kg x 15mg = 123 mg A=D --- x Q = 123 mg Weight is measured in whole number and tenths place. 8 is in the hundredths place and above 5, so you would round UP in the tenths place. 1 becomes 2. 8.2 kg H (mg cancel out)(Divide) x 5 mL = 3.075 mL/dose 200 mg Round to the nearest tenth. 7 is in the hundredths place and above 5, so you would round UP in the tenths place. 0 becomes 1. 3.1 mL/dose 40.True or False T The nurse should always question an order that indicates that you should give more than three tablets at a time. 41.True or False F The larger the Drop Factor, the larger the drop size.