DHL FLUORIDES Exam Questions and Answers All Correct

DHL FLUORIDES Exam Questions and Answers All Correct What is apatite? - Answer-minerals of hydroxyl, carbonate, fluoride, or oxygen What is fluorapatite? - Answer-combo of hydroxyapatite & fluoride What is defluoridation? - Answer-lowering amount of fluoride in water What is demineralization? - Answer-loss of minerals from tissues What is fluoride? - Answer-salt of hydrofluoric acid What is fluoride & what is it essential for? - Answer-natural mineral & nutrient; most reactive element in periodic table - essential for healthy bones & teeth What is fluoride the most effective method for control & prevention? - Answer-for control & prevention of caries What are the three intake modalities of fluoride? - Answer-- systemic - topical - professional application How does systemic intake of fluoride work? what teeth does this benefit most & why? - Answer-taken in & digested in foods/ beverages or found within the water supply - will only actively help teeth that are FORMING while being taken in; does not help teeth that are already erupted What is hypocalcification? what does it look like on teeth? - Answer-- deficient calcification - when tooth forms, there was not enough calcification; teeth are whiter & present with snow cap mountain peaks (usually on the cusps of molars but sometimes on the incisal edges as well) What kind of fluoride is taken up more easily? whY? - Answer-liquid; more soluble = more uptake Where is fluoride absorbed & what happens after? - Answer-absorbed in the GI tract; rate & amount depend on solubility of fluoride - sent to bloodstream & is distributed by blood plasma Is fluoride more rapidly absorbed with food intake or without? - Answer-without food intake When is maximum fluoride level reached after ingestion? - Answer-30 minutes What is the salivary range of fluoride? how does it compare with blood plasma? - Answer-- 0.1 to 0.4 - blood plasma remain lower than saliva What kind of tissues take up fluoride more readily? what percent is found in these tissues? - Answer-calcified tissues (specifically developing) - 99% found here What are the ways fluoride is excreted? - Answer-primarily thru the kidneys, but lesser amounts by sweat glands, large intestines, & breast milk glands What are the three stages fluoride is acquired by the teeth? - Answer-- pre-eruptive stage (mineralization) - pre-eruptive stage (maturation) - post- eruptive stage What happens in the mineralization pre-eruptive stage? - Answer-- made avail. to developing tooth by way of blood plasma to tissues surrounding tooth - deposited during enamel formation beginning at DEJ - incorporated as fluoroapatite - excessive intake can lead to fluorosis *HAPPENS WHEN THE TEETH ARE FORMING FROM TEETH BUDS* What kind of intake method is happening in the pre-eruptive stages? - Answer-systemic What kind of intake method is happening in the post-eruptive stages? - Answer-topical What happens in the maturation pre-eruptive stage? - Answer-- follows enamel mineralization, but prior to eruption