Rasmussen Patho Final Exam Review 2024 Questions with correct Answers

Rasmussen Patho Final Exam Review 2024 Questions with correct Answers What is the best way a nurse can assess if their client has altered brain function? a. Normal cranial nerve assessment b. Asking addition and subtraction questions c. Altered level of consciousness d. Vital signs -answerC. altered level of consciousness What hormones help to raise the blood sugar level to help maintain homeostasis? a. Insulin b. Thyroxine c. Renin d.Glucagon -answerD. Glucagon What are signs of meningitis? Select all that apply. a. Nuchal rigidity b. Headache c. Photopia d. Weight gain -answerA. Nuchal rigidity B. Headache C. Photopia What are the immediate clinical manifestations noted after a spinal cord injury? Select all that apply. a. Loss of deep tendon reflexes b. Headache c. Irritability d.Flaccid paralysis -answerA. Loss of deep tendon reflexes D. Flaccid paralysis This is a cause of edema. a. Polyuria b. Dehydration c. Hypotension d. Decreased plasma proteins -answerD. Decreased plasma proteins What is the normal range for sodium? -answer135-145 mEq/L What type of seizure will the client have a sudden loss of muscle tone, lasting for seconds, followed by postictal confusion? -answerAtonic seizure This is the dilation (ballooning) of a portion of a blood vessel -answerCerebral aneurysm What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? -answerInvolves progressive destruction of motor neurons resulting in muscle atrophy What is a cause of hepatic encephalopathy? -answerAlcoholism What is the tool you would use to assess your clients level of consciousness? - answerGlasgow coma scale If your client's toes are pointed downward, and the head and neck are arched backward, we would chart that posture as? -answerDecerebrate What happens in our body during the fight and flight response? -answerIncreased heart rate and dilated pupils What is an early symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)? -answerMuscle twitching T/F: Migraines are periodic severe headaches that may be completely incapacitating - answerTrue Muscle rigidity, shuffling gait, muscular rigidity, mask like facial expressions are manifestations you would see in a client diagnosed with _____? -answerParkinson's disease Abrupt, bizarre, involuntary dance like movements, decline in mental functions are manifestations of _____? -answerHuntington's disease T/F: Insufficient circulating blood volume describes what is happening in the body that is experiencing hypovolemia -answerTrue T/F: Myasthenia gravis results in progressive muscle weakness -answerTrue Symptoms of Parkinson's disease are caused by a deficit in which neurotransmitter? - answerDopamine Which type of intravenous solutions would cause fluid to shift from extracellular space to the intracellular space? -answerHypotonic solution Irreversible brain damage before, during, or after birth or infancy describes _____. - answerCerebral palsy Demyelination of the neurons is the pathophysiology of _______. -answerMultiple sclerosis (MS) T/F: Symptoms of transient ischemic attacks can last several days to several weeks - answerFalse Atrial fibrillation, valvular prosthetics, rheumatic heart disease are risk factors for what? - answerEmbolic stroke ______ is the process of moving air into the lungs with subsequent distribution to the alveoli. - answerVentilation Bronchospasm after exercise is the pathophysiology of what? -answerExercise-induced asthma How is mycobacterium tuberculosis transmitted? -answerAirborne droplets inhaled into the lungs. _____ is a collapsed lung caused by the escape of air into the pleural cavity. - answerPneumothorax What is the difference between Asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? - answerAirflow obstruction caused by asthma is reversible whereas airflow obstruction in COPD is irreversible How does hemoglobin affect a client's respiratory status? -answerDecreased hemoglobin causes reduced oxygen carrying capacity. How does hypoxia develop with pneumonia? -answerOxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion. What causes contact dermatitis? -answerContact with a skin allergen. What causes a cold sore? -answerHerpes simplex type 1. ______ is a burn area in which the epidermis and part of the dermis is destroyed - answerPartial-thickness burn What would you expect to find if your client is diagnosed with pediculosis? -answerThe presence of nits at the base of hair shafts. Which burn extends into the deep tissues and has blackened skin? -answer3rd degree burn _____ is the overproduction of uric acid -answerGout What causes osteoporosis? -answerBone loss during aging What causes osteomalacia? -answerLack of vitamin D or calcium intake in adults. What is a complication of compartment syndrome? -answerPain and tissue damage ______ is a type of arthritis that causes the spine to stiffen and possibly fuse. - answerAnkylosing spondylitis What can be one cause of a pulmonary embolism (PE)? -answerA venous blood clot from the lower extremities T/F: Air trapping in the alveoli leads to the appearance of a barrel chest in clients with emphysema -answerTrue What group of clients would be at the highest risk of pneumonia? -answerClients who are in the hospital and are immunocompromised What are the risk factors for respiratory disorders? -answerAsthma, smoking, bedrest Your client has a PH of 7.3 and a pCO2 of 55. What is the acid/base imbalance? - answerRespiratory acidosis What microorganism is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia? -answerStrep What is the medical term for fungal infection of the scalp? -answerTinea capitis Mites, intense itching, scabies burrow under skin in search of nutrients are characteristics of what type of infection? -answerScabies What would the diagnosis be if your client has scaling and redness between their toes? - answerTinea pedis T/F: A client with atopic dermatitis would have visible knots on scalp hair -answerFalse A lateral curvature of the spine would be diagnosed as -answerScoliosis