Praxis 5003: Mathematics
place value system - Correct Answer - one in which the position of a digit in a number
determines its value
base ten - Correct Answer - standard system. Each place represents ten times the
value of the place to its right.
Place value chart - Correct Answer - a way to make sure digits are in the right place
powers of 10 - Correct Answer - each digit to the left of the decimal point increases
progressively in powers of ten. Each digit to the right decreases progressively in powers
of ten.
rounding - Correct Answer - it's important to look at the number in the next smaller
place. If this number is 5 or more, the number in the place we're rounding is increased
by 1 and all other numbers are changed to 0. If it's less than 5 the number we're looking
at stays the same and everything to the right is changed to 0.
rational numbers - Correct Answer - integers, fractions, mixed numbers,and both
terminating and repeating decimals.
find the sum of 152.3 and 36.342 - Correct Answer - 188.642
find the difference of 152.3 and 36.342 - Correct Answer - 115.958
find the product of 3.52 and 4.1 - Correct Answer - 14.432
find the quotient of 5.3 divided by 1.45 - Correct Answer - 3.7
addition - Correct Answer - indicated by the expressions: sum, greater than, and, more
than, increased by, added to, entire, total
subtraction - Correct Answer - can be expressed by: difference, fewer than, minus, less
than, decreased by
multiplication - Correct Answer - is shown by: product, times, multiplied by, twice
*may include each or per hour
division - Correct Answer - is used for: quotient, divided by, ratio
*may include each or per hour
At his job, John gets paid $20 for every hour he works. If John made $940 in a week,
how many hours did he work? - Correct Answer - 940/20=47
, remainder - Correct Answer - If a divisor does not divide evenly into a dividend we
express the leftover amount as this. Usually indicated a fractional answer.
algorithms - Correct Answer - methods or strategies for solving problems
partial sums method - Correct Answer - First we sum the columns from left to right, then
we add the column values.
column addition method - Correct Answer - First we add the digits in each column, then
we perform the place caries from right to left.
right to left addition - Correct Answer - traditional method. We sum the columns from
right to left, performing carries mentally or writing them down.
commutative property - Correct Answer - The property that says that two or more
numbers can be added or multiplied in any order without changing the result.
associative property - Correct Answer - Changing the grouping of numbers will NOT
change the value. For example: (7 + 4) + 8 = 7 + (4 + 8) also works with multiplication
left to right subtraction - Correct Answer - we decompose the second number into
smaller values and perform the individual subtractions. (ex. to solve 335-78 we break 78
down into 70+8)
partial differences method - Correct Answer - first we operate on each column
individually, being careful to record a sign of each result. Then we sum the results to
yield the final answer
same change rule - Correct Answer - takes advantage of the fact that subtraction is
easier if the smaller number ends in zero. Thus, we change each number by the same
amount to produce a smaller number ending in zero. (ex 335-78 becomes 337-80)
partial products method - Correct Answer - we decompose each term into base-ten
form, and multiply each pair of terms.
short method - Correct Answer - traditional method of multiplication. We decompose
only the 2nd term. (ex 84x26 becomes 84x20 and 84x6)
partial quotients method - Correct Answer - we make note of two simple products and
estimate our way toward a final answer.
distributive property - Correct Answer - a property indicating a special way in which
multiplication is applied to addition of two or more numbers in which each term inside a
set of parentheses can be multiplied by a factor outside the parentheses, such as a(b +
c) = ab + ac
place value system - Correct Answer - one in which the position of a digit in a number
determines its value
base ten - Correct Answer - standard system. Each place represents ten times the
value of the place to its right.
Place value chart - Correct Answer - a way to make sure digits are in the right place
powers of 10 - Correct Answer - each digit to the left of the decimal point increases
progressively in powers of ten. Each digit to the right decreases progressively in powers
of ten.
rounding - Correct Answer - it's important to look at the number in the next smaller
place. If this number is 5 or more, the number in the place we're rounding is increased
by 1 and all other numbers are changed to 0. If it's less than 5 the number we're looking
at stays the same and everything to the right is changed to 0.
rational numbers - Correct Answer - integers, fractions, mixed numbers,and both
terminating and repeating decimals.
find the sum of 152.3 and 36.342 - Correct Answer - 188.642
find the difference of 152.3 and 36.342 - Correct Answer - 115.958
find the product of 3.52 and 4.1 - Correct Answer - 14.432
find the quotient of 5.3 divided by 1.45 - Correct Answer - 3.7
addition - Correct Answer - indicated by the expressions: sum, greater than, and, more
than, increased by, added to, entire, total
subtraction - Correct Answer - can be expressed by: difference, fewer than, minus, less
than, decreased by
multiplication - Correct Answer - is shown by: product, times, multiplied by, twice
*may include each or per hour
division - Correct Answer - is used for: quotient, divided by, ratio
*may include each or per hour
At his job, John gets paid $20 for every hour he works. If John made $940 in a week,
how many hours did he work? - Correct Answer - 940/20=47
, remainder - Correct Answer - If a divisor does not divide evenly into a dividend we
express the leftover amount as this. Usually indicated a fractional answer.
algorithms - Correct Answer - methods or strategies for solving problems
partial sums method - Correct Answer - First we sum the columns from left to right, then
we add the column values.
column addition method - Correct Answer - First we add the digits in each column, then
we perform the place caries from right to left.
right to left addition - Correct Answer - traditional method. We sum the columns from
right to left, performing carries mentally or writing them down.
commutative property - Correct Answer - The property that says that two or more
numbers can be added or multiplied in any order without changing the result.
associative property - Correct Answer - Changing the grouping of numbers will NOT
change the value. For example: (7 + 4) + 8 = 7 + (4 + 8) also works with multiplication
left to right subtraction - Correct Answer - we decompose the second number into
smaller values and perform the individual subtractions. (ex. to solve 335-78 we break 78
down into 70+8)
partial differences method - Correct Answer - first we operate on each column
individually, being careful to record a sign of each result. Then we sum the results to
yield the final answer
same change rule - Correct Answer - takes advantage of the fact that subtraction is
easier if the smaller number ends in zero. Thus, we change each number by the same
amount to produce a smaller number ending in zero. (ex 335-78 becomes 337-80)
partial products method - Correct Answer - we decompose each term into base-ten
form, and multiply each pair of terms.
short method - Correct Answer - traditional method of multiplication. We decompose
only the 2nd term. (ex 84x26 becomes 84x20 and 84x6)
partial quotients method - Correct Answer - we make note of two simple products and
estimate our way toward a final answer.
distributive property - Correct Answer - a property indicating a special way in which
multiplication is applied to addition of two or more numbers in which each term inside a
set of parentheses can be multiplied by a factor outside the parentheses, such as a(b +
c) = ab + ac
