ALU 301: Chapter 2: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exam with Guaranteed Accurate Answers

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) - correct answer Two inflammatory conditions of undetermined etiology: ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Factors in the prevalence and incidence of IBD - correct answer Age, ethnic background (primarily Caucasian), geographic location and possibly the Western lifestyle. Western lifestyle - correct answer Includes a sedentary habit and a diet high in fat and simple carbohydrates. Ulcerative colitis (UC) - correct answer Manifests only in the colon and only in the mucosa; it does not involve the whole wall of the colon. Peaks are 15-35, then 60-70 (Smoking cessation). 30% only rectum; 40% only sigmoid and descending colon and 30% is the entire colon. Symptoms of ulcerative colitis - correct answer Rectal bleeding (most common), abdominal cramping, constant fecal urgency (tenesmus), and the passage of a mucopurulent discharge. Who is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis? - correct answer Slightly more than 30% of new cases are in persons over age 60; more males than females; disease in this group is more often confined to the left colon. How is disease severity of ulcerative colitis determined? - correct answer Endoscopy What evidence of disease is seen due to ulcerative colitis? - correct answer Intestinal mucosa is friable (bleeds easy), hyperemic (more red than normal), and exhibits multiple mucosal ulcerations. Recurrent inflammation leads to fibrosis and a shortened colon due to retraction, leaving a led pipe look Crohn's Disease (CD) - correct answer Characterized by inflammation of all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and can involve the mesentery as well as the nearby lymph nodes. All parts of the GI tract can be involved, mouth to anus. 30% involve Terminal Ileum, 40% involve ileum and colon, 25% colon alone, 5% stomach and duodenum. Other "names" for Crohn's disease - correct answer Granulomatous enteritis, regional enteritis, ileitis or terminal ileitis. Symptoms of Crohn's disease - correct answer Abdominal pain (most common), non-bloody diarrhea (if disease in colon), fever, weight loss and fatigue. Who is diagnosed with Crohn's disease? - correct answer Nearly 1 in 10 new cases in persons over age 60; more women than men. More severe in the elderly and can require surgery How is disease severity of Crohn's disease determined? - correct answer Endoscopy What evidence of disease is seen due to Crohn's disease? - correct answer Skip lesions, loops of bowel can become matted together, fistulas form between adjacent structures, thickened & stenotic bowel wall, nodular bowel wall and apear cobblestoned (more advanced disease). Skip lesions - correct answer Deep linear ulcerations are separated by normal mucosa. Rectum is often spared.