BSNC1000 Perfusion Exam Questions with Correct Answers

BSNC1000 Perfusion Exam Questions with Correct Answers Central perfusion - Answer-Generated by cardiac output - the amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute Perfusion - Answer-the flow of blood through arteries and capillaries delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells and removing cellular waste products Ischemia - Answer-an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles. Systolic pressure - Answer-Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles. Diastolic pressure - Answer-Blood pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxed. Stroke volume - Answer-The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction. Cardiac output - Answer-heart rate (HR) x stroke volume (SV) The amount of blood ejected per minute Preload - Answer-volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole (Contraction) Tissue perfusion - Answer-blood flow through body tissues Capillary hydrostatic pressure - Answer-pressure exerted by blood on the capillary walls that forces fluids through the capillary walls into the interstitial spaces. This allows delivery of oxygen, fluid and nutrients to cells. RAAS - Answer-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system Components of the circulatory system - Answer-Heart, arterial system, venous system, capillary beds Scope of perfusion - Answer-Optimal, impaired, no perfusion Impaired perfusion - Answer-- Ischemia - Cell/tissue injury What conditions cause impairment of central perfusion? - Answer-- Where cardiac output is decreased - Where shock is involved What conditions cause impairment of tissue perfusion? - Answer-- Occlusion, constriction or dilation of arteries, veins No perfusion - Answer-- Infarction - Cell death Blood pressure - Answer-the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels. Measured in mm Hg. Pulse pressure - Answer-systolic pressure - diastolic pressure Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - Answer-cardiac output (CO) x total peripheral resistance (TPR) or diastolic pressure + 1/3(Pulse pressure) What are some factors that influence blood volume? - Answer-- Sodium ingestion and excretion - Renin/angiotensin What is vasoconstriction influenced by? - Answer-- Fight or flight (Sympathetic NS) - Kidney: renin/angiotensin - Adrenal gland hormones What is vasodilation influenced by? - Answer-- Rest and digest (Parasympathetic NS) - Kidney: vasodilators - Hormones