Physical, Speech, and Respiratory Therapy /Services Exam questions and answers

Physical therapists -Diagnose and manage movement dysfunction and enhance physical and functional abilities -Restore, maintain, and promote physical function and well being -Prevent the onset, symptoms, and progression of impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities Why is movement challenging for hospital patients? Medical complications interfere with the movement of hospitalized patients: -Weight bearing precautions -Lines an tubes -Presence of multiple medical conditions -Surgeries Changes in hospital care over time -Decreased lengths of stay (LOS) -Early mobilization of patients Physical therapists play a huge role in making both of these things happen Services provided by physical therapists? -Patient care -Staff training (body mechanics and patient transfers) -Clinical outcome teams (falls and strokes) -Clinical outcome research -Administration, research, community education, and consultation Physical therapist education Educated in three-year (post baccalaureate) programs conferring the clinical doctorate (doctor of physical therapy) and licensed Physical therapist assistant education Educated in two-year associates degree programs and, in most jurisdiction have to be licensed, certified, or registered Physical therapy aides Unlicensed support staff members, educated through on-the-job training How are the patients affected by physical therapy? -Improved mobility, function, and health -Overcome debilitating effects of conditions or procedures -Benefit from early mobilization to minimize secondary complications caused by inactivity Deconditioning Loss of muscle strength (atrophy), endurance, and cardiovascular/pulmonary fitness Physiological reserves The excess capacity of organs and biological systems above those needed for routine day to day function Why are physiological reserves important? They provide a measure of protection against losses due to illness/injury What is the key determinant of a patient's physical function and functional independence? Physical activity (therapeutic exercise) Delivery of physical therapy: patients room/beside Conducted because the patient may be unable to leave their room or transport may be exhausting Delivery of physical therapy: rehabilitation gym/ short stay/ ambulatory care centers/ satellite rehab gyms -Increased access -Increased intensity Types of interventions within the hospital doors -Bed mobility training/ transfer training -Gait training/ functional activities (balance training) -Adaptive equipment -Wound care -Physical agents- thermal modalities and electrical stimulation Interventions beyond the hospital doors -Patient/family education -Discharge disposition (planning) -Documentation Speech language pathologist The professional who engages in clinical services, prevention, advocacy, education, administration, and research in the areas of communication and swallowing across the lifespan from infancy through geriatrics What is the mission of the speech language pathology (SLP) department? -Assess and treat patients with communication and swallowing disorders -Be a patient advocate -Educate patients, caregivers, and other health professionals What is a communication disorder? An inability to receive, send, manage, or understand verbal, nonverbal, or graphic messages Which of the following is an example of a communication disorder? A. Aphasia B. Deafness C. Stuttering D. All of the above D. All of the above What is a swallowing disorder? Any impairment in the ability to suck, chew, or move food or liquids from the mouth to the stomach Which of the following is an example of a swallowing disorder? A. Dyslexia B. Dysphagia C. Diverticulitis D. None of the above B. Dysphagia What do you need to be a SLP? -Undergraduate prerequisite courses -Graduate degree in communication disorders -National certification (certification of clinical competence) -State licensure -Maintain continuing education requirements National certification- certification of clinical competence -Graduate degree -Clinical fellowship -Pass the national exam Staffing of SLPs Have their own department or are apart of rehabilitation services along with physical therapists and occupational therapists Staffing of SLPs in major hospitals -Multiple SLPs with different areas of expertise -Team leader/manager who coordinates the schedule and assigns patients -Research labs