Respiratory Therapy AL185 Exam questions and answers.

AARC American Association for Respiratory Care Role: Provides education, advocacy, publications. Epiglotitis life threatening infection of the upper airway -under 5 yo is a BACTERIAL infection management: elective intubation, antibiotics, and corticosteriods cystic fibrosis autosomal recessive disease w/ pancreatic insufficiency, abnormally thick secretions from exocrine glands and increased concentration of sodium and chloride in sweat glands -affects lungs, pancreas, and digestive tract -both parents have to be carriers -gold standard >60 meq/L=positive pneumonia inflammation of the lungs -infectious disease -over 65 yo, hospital acquired -frequent hospital returns etiology: bacteria, virus, fungi, TB, and aspiration components of ABG pH: homeostasis; 7.35-7.45 PaO2: oxygenation of patient; 80-100mmHg PaCO2: patients ventilation; 35-45 mmHg HCO3: indicator of metabolic process; 22-26 meq/dL BE: indicator of metabolic process abnormal body temperature hypothermia (cold) and hyperthermia (hot,fever) causes: exposure to cold, trauma to hypothermia, stroke or decreased thyroid activity and sepsis taken orally, ear, axilla, rectal pulse range evaluated for rate, rhythm and strength varies with age and status normal= 60-100 bpm >100 bpm=tachycardia <60 bpm= bradycardia (less common) -radial, brachial, femoral, carotid artery respiratory rate and range amount of breaths in 1 min -varies with age and condition -marker of acute respiratory disease -count when patient is not aware normal range= 12-20 breaths/min systolic and diastolic pressures systolic: peak force exerted during CONTRACTION normal= 90-140mmHg diastolic: force occurring during RELAXATION normal= 60-90 mmHg blood pressure and range systolic/diastolic= 90-140/60-90 hypertension: >140/90 mmHg hypotension: <90/60 mmHg KRCS Kansas Respiratory Care Society -state level SBOHA State Board of Healing Arts -different every state -licensing and board for providers -administers state license CRT Certified Respiratory Therapist -basic credential -bottom level passed exam RRT Registered Respiratory Therapist -credential -higher level passed exam NBRC National Board for Respiratory Care -credentialing -administers exams CoARC Committee on Accreditation for Respiratory Care -student has to show graduation from a CoARC -gives accreditation of schools -ensures high quality programs for education meeting high standards emphysema destruction of lung parenchyma leading to permanent enlargement of distal air spaces -permanent damages to areas and alveoli -loses recoil to breather -end up flat and stretched out -3 types -cigarette smoking, inherited, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency chronic bronchitis greatly increase production of sputum -results in cough w/ length of at least 3 months for more than 2 consecutive years -initial smokers cough->continual cough -can overlap w/ asthma and emphysema -manage w/ bronchodilators, antibiotics, oxygen, corticosteroids bronchiectasis abnormal condition of bronchial tree w/ irreversible dilation and destruction of bronchial walls -associated w/ thick sputum and endless respiratory infections -shortness of air, hemoptysis -3 major types of patterns -fetid sputum (3 layers) -etiology: structural obstruction and compression of bronchi (local), cystic fibrosis, Ka