OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank Chapter 12: Modern Applications of Microbial Genetics

OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank Chapter 12: Modern Applications of Microbial Genetics * = Correct answer Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following is the definition of biotechnology? A. The alteration of DNA in a cell B. The use of living systems to benefit humankind* C. Using computers to synthesize biomolecules D. Using DNA for solving mathematical problems 2. Which of the following is the definition of genetic engineering? A. The alteration of DNA in a cell* B. The use of living systems to benefit humankind C. Using computers to synthesize biomolecules D. Using DNA for solving mathematical problems 3. The first set of genes to be introduced into E. coli came from which of the following? A. Arabidopsis B. Haemophilus C. Mycobacterium D. Xenopus* 4. Which of the following is a palindrome sequence that could be recognized by a restriction enzyme? A. 5′ – GAAAAG – 3′ 3′ – CTTTTC – 5′ B. 5′ – GAATTC – 3′ * 3′ – CTTAAG – 5′ C. 5′ – GACT – 3′ 3′ – CTGA – 5′ D. 5′ – GCCCC – 3′ 3′ – CGGGG – 5′ 5. Restriction enzymes (endonucleases) are produced by bacteria as a means of protection against which infectious agent? A. antibiotics B. antibodies C. bacteriophages* D. prions 6. Which of the following enzymes rejoins two sugar-phosphate backbones of DNA? A. helicase B. ligase* C. restriction enzyme D. reverse transcriptase 7. Genes to be cloned into a plasmid are typically inserted in which location? A. in a location disrupting the antibiotic selective marker B. oriC (origin of replication) C. polylinker site* D. randomly 8. Which genus of bacterium is naturally competent? A. Bacillus* B. Escherichia C. Listeria D. Yersinia 9. Which of the following regarding pUC19 and blue/white screening is NOT true? A. Colonies that appear white have the gene of interest inserted into the plasmid pUC19. B. pUC19 confers antibiotic resistance. C. The gene of interest being cloned disrupts the lacI gene.* D. X-gal is a chromogenic agent used in blue/white screening to test for