CLEP Introductory Psychology 2024

Psychologists who are interested in behavioral similarities and differences between species are a. biological psychologists. b. experimental psychologists. c. comparative psychologists. d. animal psychologists. e. physiological psychologists. Correct Answer-c. comparative psychologists. Employee morale and staff cooperation would be the concern of a(n) a. clinical psychologist. b. forensic psychologist. c. social psychologist. d. industrial and organizational psychologist. e. business psychologist. Correct Answer-The correct answer is D. Industrial and organizational psychologists work with management and staff in the world of business. To determine if people are coming to a full stop at an intersection with a new stop sign, the best research method would be a(n) a. naturalistic observation. b. experiment. c. case study. d. correlation. e. survey. Correct Answer-The correct answer is A. In naturalistic observation, the researcher tries to be as inconspicuous as possible so as not to influence the situation. If a researcher wished to determine whether heat causes an increase in aggression, the best approach would be to a. observe people in a public park on hot and cold days. b. compare and cross-reference weather reports with crime statistics. c. recruit participants to a university study, put half in a cold room and half in a hot room, and then observe their behavior. d. compare crime rates in countries that are hot vs. cooler. e. ask people if they feel irritable and prone to aggression Correct Answer-The correct answer is C. The only way to determine whether one variable causes another is to do an experiment. In an experiment, one factor (variable) is manipulated while all other variables are held constant. Non- experimental methods yield correlational results only. Researchers cannot make causal statements from correlational results. In an experiment, subjects given various amounts of alcohol drive a course marked by orange pylons. The independent variable in this experiment is the a. various amounts of alcohol.