Brooks Biodiversity Unit 1 Exam 2024 Questions and Answers 100% Accurate!

evolution - ANSWER-the concept that all given organisms are related to each other though common ancestry Have scientists proven that life exists? - ANSWER-No Big Bang - ANSWER-Theory of how the universe formed 16-18 billion years ago Symbiosis - ANSWER-the interaction between two different organisms living in close association "life coming together" Spontaneous Generation - ANSWER-Theory that life arose spontaneously from inanimate matter. Not a widely held belief among scientists Biogenesis Hypothesis - ANSWER-Theory that living matter created by pre-existing living matter Haldane-Oparin Hypothesis - ANSWER-"Chemical Evolution" Life arose spontaneously from early atmospheric compounds. It was believed that the early atmosphere contained methane, ammonia, and water. When combined with energy sources, life arose. This is the original theory of how life arose, but is likely INCORRECT. Miller-Urey Experiment - ANSWER-Tested the Haldane-Oparin Hypothesis by conducting an experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on earth, and tested for the occurrence of chemical origins of life. They took inorganic compounds and made organic compounds (mostly amino acids). DID NOT PROVE ANYTHING Panspermia - ANSWER-Hypothesis that organic molecules were brought to earth by meteorites/asteroids. Basically, life was seeded from outer space, and that life exists throughout the universe distributed by meteoroids, asteroids, comets, and planetoids. Modern Theory of How Life Arose - ANSWER-(STILL NOT PROVEN, ONLY LIKELY) life arose spontaneously from simple molecules (CO, CO2, N2,H2 (very little because it was in little abundance), and H2O), then combined into larger, complex macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. (NOT from methane, ammonia, and water as Haldane-Oparin hypothesized) Primordial Soup Hypothesis - ANSWER-Hypothesized that the first organisms were heterotrophs because they consumed the abundant food molecules present in the atmosphere