RNSG 2205 Nursing Fundamentals Exam 6 Study Guide.

RNSG 2205 Nursing Fundamentals Exam 6 Study Guide. Chapter 15: Nutrition •What is malnutrition? o A condition resulting from lack of proper nutrients in a diet. •What to do when feeding a client w/ Alzheimer’s/Dementia? o Know what you would do during feeding. •What types of fats can be included in the client’s diet? oSaturated, unsaturated, and trans •What vitamin must be included in a vegan diet? oProteins, calcium, vitamins B12 and D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids. •Helping a visually impaired client when eating. o Know what you would do while feeding the client. •What are obese clients at risks for? oHigher incidence of heart and vascular, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. •Megadose of vitamins oConsuming megadose of vitamins (amounts exceeding those considered adequate for health) of vitamins and minerals can be dangerous. •Cholesterol is tested to assess for what risk? oCardiac risk •Client teaching about xerostomia oAlso known as dry mouth oIt is common in older adults and is often caused by medications or the effects of disease. oIt interferes with chewing, swallowing, and enjoying meals. oEncourage people with dry mouth to drink adequate non caffeinated and nonalcoholic beverages or chew sugarless gum to promote salivation. Chapter 16: Fluid and Chemical Balance •What action should the nurse take for a client diagnosed with hypovolemia? oAdminister IV fluids •What is the purpose for administering plasma? •Types of Solutions oColloid oHypertonic oHypotonic oIsotonic •What is facilitated diffusion? o Glucose is made available to cells in combination with insulin and glucose transport (GLUT) proteins located within cellular membranes. •Phlebitis is… o Inflammation of a vein •Nursing intervention for phlebitis o Restart the IV, report findings, and apply warm compresses. •When to use vented vs unvented tubing? o Vented tubing is necessary for solutions packaged in rigid glass bottle containers; if unvented tubing is inserted into a glass bottle it will not leave the container. •Microdrip tubing standard drop rate o 60 •How can you treat hypervolemia? o Increasing the fluid volume, restricting or limiting oral fluids, reducing salt consumption, discontinuing IV fluid or reducing the infusion volume, administering drugs that promote urine elimination, or using a combination of any of these interventions. •Signs of hypovolemia oIncreased pulse, increased respirations, and decreased blood pressure.