Pesticide Exam (Turf)Questions And Answers Rated 100% Correct!!

Cultural Factors for Good Turf Density - Answer-High quality , weed-free sod; choose turf that adapt well to MD environmental conditions, anticipated use and management level; send soil sample to lab and correct soil PH, phosphorus and potassium issues; apply recommended nitrogen at proper time for turf type; mow at recommended height; irrigate thoroughly when needed. Why are weeds present even after good management practices? - Answer-Excessive wear of an area, extreme environmental conditions, thatch build-up and/or inappropriate varieties. At which time herbicides may be needed. Perennial Grass - Answer-Lives more than two years. Spreads by solons, rhizomes and seed. Most effective control is usually prevention. Usually, there is no selective chemical is usually available to kill these. Quackgrass - Answer-Blue-green, course-textured, cool season rhizomatous Perennial grass. Spreads vigorously in turf grass stands. Poor summer performance. Open (not dense) formation. Little can be done through management to reduce spread. Quackgrass Control - Answer-Most effective control is prevention by applying topsoil free of perennial grass weeds, or use of sterilized/fumigated topsoil; vital during turf establishment. Selective herbicides are unavailable , must use non-selective herbicides for control. Mow 48 hours before or after treatment. Apply when actively growing, when soil moisture is adequate w/ no rain forecast for 24 hours. Annual Grasses - Answer-Germinate, grow, produce seed, and die within the same year. Two approaches can be used in chemical control; preemergence herbicides and postemergence herbicides. Crabgrass - Answer-Yellow-green to green, course-textured, bunch-type grass (roots at nodes). Seed germinates mid-Spring when temperatures reach 70 degrees for 7-10 days. Grows rapidly late SpringSummer. Seed heads develop until first frost in Fall. Crabgrass Control - Answer-Killed naturally during 1st or 2nd frost in Fall. Maintain good turf density to reduce amount of light reaching soil; cut grass higher than 2 inches. Abstain from frequent light watering. Avoid spring and summer aeration and dethatching.Preemergence Herbicide - Answer-Applied before germination of weed seeds. Usually the most reliable means of controlling annual grasses; they kill plants as they germinate. Apply at least 1 week before annual grass germination, water in or apply 48 prior to rain fall. Does not work if applied after germination Postemergence Herbicides - Answer-Applied to actively growing weeds. Not as effective and may cause discoloration and thinning of sensitive desirable grasses. Apply to younger (1-3 leaf stage) annual grass when soil moisture is adequate and nor rain is forecast for 24 hours.