BIOL1020 UQ Module 1 EXAM QUESTIONS (189
TERMS) WITH VERIFIED DEFINITIONS UPDATED
2024
1). What do cells have in common?
Ans: Have a cell membrane made of a lipid-bilayer (hydrophobic head & hydrophobic
tail)
2). Is the lipid bilayer semi-permeable?
Ans: Yes
3). What is the most common form of energy?
Ans: ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
4). What are the different types of cells?
Ans: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
5). What are the basic building blocks of cells?
Ans: Macromolecules: big molecules (polymers) comprised of interconnecting
individual units (monomers)
6). What are carbohydrates?
Ans: Macromolecules that provide fuel and structure to cells
7). Define a dehydration reaction from polymerisation
Ans: Monomers form large polymers, the byproduct being water
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, 8). Define polymer synthesis: hydrolysis
Ans: the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.
9). A single unit of a sugar molecule is known as?
Ans: Monosaccharides (e.g Glucose)
10). Define disaccharides?
Ans: ~ A molecule that is made up of two monosaccharides (sugar molecules)
11). Many units of sugar molecules linked together is known as
Ans: Polysaccharides
12). List one example of a disaccharides?
Ans: Maltose, sucrose, lactose
13). A bond between two sugar molecules are known as?
Ans: Glycosidic bond
14). Define stereoisomers
Ans: Compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of
the atoms in space.
15). What is the difference between galactose and glucose
Ans: OH bond location at the 4th carbon (glucose is bottom, galactose is top)
16). Define when α-glyosidic bonds are formed
Ans: When both carbons have the same stereochemistry
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, 17). Define when a β-glycosidic bond occurs
Ans: When two carbons have different stereochemistry
18). Starch is a major storage form of glucose in plants, what bonds can be formed
Ans: 1-4 and a few 1-6 linkages (branching)
19). Glycogen is mainly located in the liver, kidneys and muscle, does this mean that it is a
major storage form of glucose in animals?
Ans: Yes
20). What bonds does glycogen have?
Ans: 1-4, and frequent 1-6 linkages (branching)
21). Explain why cellulose is so tough
Ans: Cellulose is in a beta configuration that is indigestible by many animals due to
the lack of enzymes, this beta configuration and the lack of branching in the polymer
allows for a structural plants structural integrity
22). What does gi index stand for and what does it measure?
Ans: Glycaemic Index and measures how quickly your blood-glucose level rises after
eating carbohydrate-containing food
23). What are glycoproteins?
Ans: proteins covalently bonded to carbohydrates
24). What is chitin?
Ans: a fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides and forming the major
constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi.
25). Lipids are grouped together to
Ans: function as a storage compound as they poorly mix with water
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TERMS) WITH VERIFIED DEFINITIONS UPDATED
2024
1). What do cells have in common?
Ans: Have a cell membrane made of a lipid-bilayer (hydrophobic head & hydrophobic
tail)
2). Is the lipid bilayer semi-permeable?
Ans: Yes
3). What is the most common form of energy?
Ans: ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
4). What are the different types of cells?
Ans: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
5). What are the basic building blocks of cells?
Ans: Macromolecules: big molecules (polymers) comprised of interconnecting
individual units (monomers)
6). What are carbohydrates?
Ans: Macromolecules that provide fuel and structure to cells
7). Define a dehydration reaction from polymerisation
Ans: Monomers form large polymers, the byproduct being water
PaperStoc.com Page 1 of 22
, 8). Define polymer synthesis: hydrolysis
Ans: the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.
9). A single unit of a sugar molecule is known as?
Ans: Monosaccharides (e.g Glucose)
10). Define disaccharides?
Ans: ~ A molecule that is made up of two monosaccharides (sugar molecules)
11). Many units of sugar molecules linked together is known as
Ans: Polysaccharides
12). List one example of a disaccharides?
Ans: Maltose, sucrose, lactose
13). A bond between two sugar molecules are known as?
Ans: Glycosidic bond
14). Define stereoisomers
Ans: Compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of
the atoms in space.
15). What is the difference between galactose and glucose
Ans: OH bond location at the 4th carbon (glucose is bottom, galactose is top)
16). Define when α-glyosidic bonds are formed
Ans: When both carbons have the same stereochemistry
PaperStoc.com Page 2 of 22
, 17). Define when a β-glycosidic bond occurs
Ans: When two carbons have different stereochemistry
18). Starch is a major storage form of glucose in plants, what bonds can be formed
Ans: 1-4 and a few 1-6 linkages (branching)
19). Glycogen is mainly located in the liver, kidneys and muscle, does this mean that it is a
major storage form of glucose in animals?
Ans: Yes
20). What bonds does glycogen have?
Ans: 1-4, and frequent 1-6 linkages (branching)
21). Explain why cellulose is so tough
Ans: Cellulose is in a beta configuration that is indigestible by many animals due to
the lack of enzymes, this beta configuration and the lack of branching in the polymer
allows for a structural plants structural integrity
22). What does gi index stand for and what does it measure?
Ans: Glycaemic Index and measures how quickly your blood-glucose level rises after
eating carbohydrate-containing food
23). What are glycoproteins?
Ans: proteins covalently bonded to carbohydrates
24). What is chitin?
Ans: a fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides and forming the major
constituent in the exoskeleton of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi.
25). Lipids are grouped together to
Ans: function as a storage compound as they poorly mix with water
PaperStoc.com Page 3 of 22
