IBCLC: Congenital, Genetic and Metabolic Disorders fully solved 2024/2025

IBCLC: Congenital, Genetic and Metabolic DisordersHypoglycemia risk factors - correct answer SGA, decrease brown fat (preterm), LGA, fetal hypoxia suboptimal maternal metabolism, infection, hypothermia, endocrine disorder Hypoglycemia clinical signs - correct answer irritability, lethargy, stupor, apnea, cyanotic spells, coma, poor feeding, hypothermia, hypertonia, tremor, seizure (most likely occurs in first 24 hours) hyperbilirubinemia - correct answer increased levels of bilirubin caused by problems with production, transport, metabolism, and excretion. Jaundice Risk Factors - correct answer ABO or Rh incompatibility, Asian decent, mother with diabetes, birth trauma resulting in excess blood, dehydration or excessive weight loss, infrequent feeding, prematurity, being male, Physiologic jaundice - correct answer Normal newborn physiology, no other manifestations, appears after 24 hours (aka idiopathic) Pathologic jaundice - correct answer onset before 24 hours, usually from ABO or Rh incompatibility, hepatic pathology, resolution involves phototherapy Breastfeeding jaundice - correct answer onset earlier than 5 days, results from inadequate milk intake (aka starvation jaundice) Breastmilk jaundice - correct answer exact cause unknown, onset after 5-7 days, peak level 5-15 days, can continue to 28 days Moderate to late preterm - correct answer 32 to <37 weeks