Pulmology high misses Test Questions with Correct Answers

Pulmology high misses Test Questions with Correct Answers Acids are (2) Volatile and (2) nonvolatile - Answer-Lactic acid and CO2 Medulla controls. Aortic and carotid bodies controls - Answer-CO2 and pH. carOtid = pO2 Respiratory acidosis causes - Answer-COPD, CNS/Spinal cord injury, sedation, narcotics, brainstem injury, obesity (Pickwick's) (takes ur breath away wow) Respiratory alkalosis causes - Answer-Fever, sepsis, overventilation, lactic acidosis Metabolic Acidosis causes - Answer-Kidney/GI issues Anion gap (MUDPILES high. HARDUPS normal) Methanol ingestion, uremia, diabetic keto, paraaldyehyde, iron/isonazid, lactic, ethanol, salicyate, starvation, sepsis Hardups = Hyperailmentation, acetamolizde, renal tubule acidosis, diarrhea, uret/panc shunt, post-hypocapnia, spirolactone Metabolic alkalosis causes - Answer-Vomiting, cushing/conn's disease VQ scan and COPD/heart disease? - Answer-Not accurate in COPD and cardiomyopathy patients. Where do you tap for pleural effusion? (thoracentesis) - Answer-Posterior lateral superior diaphragm. COPD gold stages - Answer-<FEV1 stage 4 is <30 Stage 1 > 80 BODE Index - Answer-BMI, FEV1, dyspnea, exercise for COPD COPD foundation 7 findings: - Answer-Spirometry, symptoms, exacerbations, oxygen, Chronic bronchitis, LT, Combordies Treatment for COPD - Answer-SABA (albuterol) or LABA (FOrm/salmetrol) LAMA (Atrovent) works on muscles around bronchi Surgery = transplant/reduction Supplemental O2 PNA/Respir failure, cor pulmonale, pulmonary HTN Cystic fibrosis agents - Answer-PA, acintobacter, burk, serratia VQ shunting - Answer-When R>L blood goes without being properly oxygenerated VQ ratio is not precise - Answer-if patient has underlying COPD or moderate obstructive disease or cardiomyopathy