NPTE Cardiopulmonary Exam Questions and Answers All Correct

NPTE Cardiopulmonary Exam Questions and Answers All Correct Normal end-systolic volume is... - Answer-50mL Normal end-diastolic volume is... - Answer-120mL Do the SA and AV node have sympathetic or parasympathetic innervation? - Answerboth Normal SV is... - Answer-55-100mL/beat Normal CO is... - Answer-4-5L/min Cardiac index is CO per what? What is normal Cardiac Index? - Answer-body surface area 3L/min Ejection fraction can be related to the function of what? - Answer-LV How is EF calculated? - Answer-SV/LVEDV Parasympathetic stimulation causes coronary artery (vasodilation/vasoconstriction). - Answer-vasoconstriction (slows rate and force of myocardial contraction) The skin and peripheral vasculature are under (sympathetic/parasympathetic) control. - Answer-sympathetic (no parasympathetic means vasodilation is initiated by sympathetic inhibition) Skin and peripheral vasodilation occurs via what? - Answer-sympathetic inhibition Where are baroreceptors located? - Answer-aortic arch and carotid sinus Increased BP causes what type of autonomic response? - Answer-increased parasympathetic stimulation What affect does hyperkalemia have on the heart? - Answer-decreases HR and force of contraction (widened PR interval and QRS, tall T waves) What affect does hypokalemia have on the heart? - Answer-arrhythmias -> v-fib (prolonged PR and QRS-T intervals, flat T waves What affect does hypercalcemia have on the heart? - Answer-increases What affect does hypocalcemia have on the heart - Answer-depresses The apical pulse is found where? - Answer-5th intercostal space What is a normal peripheral pulse graded as? - Answer-2+ (same as reflexes) S1 is due to what? What does this sound mark? - Answer-closing of AV valves beginning of ventricular systole S2 is due to what? what does this sound mark? - Answer-closing of semilunar valves end of ventricular systole S3 is associated with what? - Answer-LV heart failure