ATI Content Mastery Pharmacology Exam - Answered with Rationales

ATI Content Mastery Pharmacology Exam - Answered with Rationales A nurse is collecting data prior to administering digoxin to a client. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold this medication and notify the provider? Apical pulse 52/min The nurse should check the client's apical pulse prior to administering digoxin because it decreases the heart rate and improves contractility. If the client's heart rate is below 60/min, the nurse should withhold the dose and notify the provider. A nurse in a provider's office is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for iphenoxylate/atropine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? High doses of this medication can cause drowsiness. Diphenoxylate is an opioid, which can cause drowsiness. A nurse in a community health clinic is preparing to administer the varicella immunization to a young adult female client who has not previously had chickenpox or its vaccine. The nurse should withhold the immunization and collect additional data when the client makes which of the following statements? "I am allergic to neomycin." A hypersensitivity to neomycin is a contraindication for receiving the varicella vaccine. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with gemfibrozil. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to watch for and report to the provider? Muscle weakness Myopathy is an adverse effect of gemfibrozil. The nurse should instruct the client to report any muscle weakness or muscle tenderness. A nurse is planning to reinforce teaching regarding newborn immunizations to a client who is 24 hr postpartum. Which of the following teachings should the nurse plan to include? Your baby will receive the first hepatitis B vaccine before discharge." The newborn should receive the first hepatitis B vaccine at birth, with the next two doses at least 2 months apart. A client who is experiencing nausea related to chemotherapy is being discharged with a prescription for ondansetron. The nurse should include which of the following information when reinforcing discharge teaching? "Avoid driving while taking this medication." Adverse effects of ondansetron include headache and dizziness. The client should avoid driving or using heavy machinery. A nurse is monitoring an older adult client who has been receiving long-term hydrochlorothiazide therapy for recurring episodes of heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect of this medication? Hypokalemia Hydrochlorothiazide can cause hypokalemia from excessive potassium excretion. A nurse is monitoring a client who is 2 hr postoperative and just received an opioid analgesic. Which of the following actions should provide the nurse with the best data to determine the client's need for analgesia? Ask the client to rate her pain level. Asking the client to rate her pain level will provide a verbal report of pain, which is the best indicator of the need for pain medication. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) Muscle pain is correct. A client who is taking metformin should monitor for muscle pain, which could indicate lactic acidosis. Agitation is correct. Agitation indicates a CNS adverse effect of the medication. Metallic taste is correct. Metformin can cause GI manifestations such as a bitter or metallic taste. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about benzodiazepine withdrawal with an older adult client who discontinued takeing lorazepam after taking it for 3 months. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? "Have someone assist you with ADLs." Lorazepam withdrawal causes tremors and dizziness, making ADLs difficult to perform. A nurse is reviewing the history of a client who is about to start taking cefotetan to treat a bacterial infection. Which of the following information from the client's medical record should the nurse report to the provider before the client begins receiving this medication? Penicillin allergy Cefotetan is a cephalosporin, an antibiotic structurally similar to penicillins. It is possible that a client who has a severe allergy to penicillin could develop cross-reactivity and have an allergic reaction to cephalosporins.