ICLA Standard 4 Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

ICLA Standard 4 Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Accomodation - answerChanges in the curriculum, instruction, or testing format or procedures that enable students with disabilities to participate in a way that allows them to demonstrate their abilities rather than disabilities; Generally considered to include assistive technology as well as changes in presentation, response, timing, scheduling, settings, and tasks that do not fundamentally alter the intent; Do not invalidate assessment results and do not fundamentally alter the requirements or course expectations (Idaho Department of Special Education [IDSE], 2018). Adaptation - answerChanges to curriculum, instruction, or assessments that enable a student with a disability that significantly impacts performance an opportunity to participate; Includes strategies such as orally reading a test, using spelling/grammar check for language arts assessments, and substituting out-of-level testing; Fundamentally alter requirements, invalidate assessment results, and provide non-comparable results (IDSE, 2018). Alphabetic principle - answerThe idea or concept that letters and letter combinations represent phonemes in an orthography Assistive Technology - answerAny item, piece of equipment, or product system whether acquired commercially, off a shelf, modified, or customized that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of a student with a disability. Excludes surgically implanted medical devices. (IDSE, 2018). Audience - answerThe person/people who will read the writing. This may be large or small, formal or informal. Authentic writing purposes - answerStudents write for real purposes to a specific audience other than their teacher. Collaborative writing - answerWorking with others on idea generations, comparing and revising written texts, and a common product achieved and evaluated Communicative process - answerA process of interaction between two or more people where ideas are shared and understood so each person involved can make meaning. Content-area writing - answerWriting across the various content and subject areas including mathematics, science, social studies, and the arts. Students should write for a variety of purposes and audiences. Conventions - answerThe mechanics of writing, including spelling, capitalization, punctuation, grammar/usage, paragraphing, and handwriting. Cumulative teaching - answerEach step is based on concepts previously learned Developmental spelling - answerChildren progress through stages of spelling development. Teachers use this knowledge to teach spelling patterns using a systematic approach. Developmental writing - answerYoung children typically progress through a series of stages as they are learning to write including scribbling/drawing, letter-like forms, letters, spaces, developmental spelling, and conventional writing. Diagnostic tool - answerAssessments used to pinpoint specific areas of weakness; provide in depth information to clarify students' skills and instructional needs Differentiated instruction - answerInstruction in which the teacher plans and teaches concepts in a manner so that all students of all differing levels can be successful learners Dysgraphia - answerThe condition of impaired letter writing by hand, that is, disabled handwriting. Impaired handwriting can interfere with learning to spell words in writing and speed of writing text (International Dyslexia Association). Executive function - answerThe mental processes that allow individuals to regulate their thinking and behaviors Explicit instruction - answerA structured and systematic method of teaching with emphasis on direct instruction, proceeding in small steps, providing scaffolds to guide students through the learning process, checking for understanding, and supporting practice with feedback until mastery is achieved by all students Evidence-based practices - answerEvidence-based practices (EBPs) - which include activities, strategies, and interventions -that are "derived from or informed by objective evidence—most commonly, educational research or metrics of school, teacher, and student performance" Formative assessment - answerMonitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback by teachers to inform their teaching and students to improve their learning. Foundational writing skills - answerIncludes phonological awareness, handwriting or writing production, spelling, basic use of conventions, basic syntax, and writing fluency. Genre - answerLiterary works of prose, poetry, drama, hybrid forms, or other literature that are distinguished by shared literary conventions. Literary genres include for example, realistic fiction, folk tales, essays, poems, informational pieces and others. Gradual release of responsibility - answerInstructional techniques used to move students toward stronger understanding and independence in the learning process. Grapheme - answerA letter or letter combination that spells a single phoneme; in English, a grapheme may be one, two, three, or four letters such as e, ei, igh, or eigh Graphic organizer - answerVisual displays of information to help a student organize and compose written material Handwriting - answerThe method of using pencil/pen and paper to produce written products. Research supports the use of this instruction in the early grades and for adults in the form of notetaking High-Frequency Words - answerWords that are frequently used in the English language. May or may not be phonetically decodable. Informational/ Expository - answerThe text type to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. Keyboarding - answerThe act of typing information into a digital device/computer. Listening process - answerThe process of making meaning from what we hear. This includes listening vocabulary, background knowledge, and attention.