Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 3 Set 1 Questions and Answers

Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 3 Set 1 Cardiac Blood Flow - ANS o From body o Through: Vena cavas Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right ventricle Pulmonic valve Pulmonary artery o To lungs Pulmonary vein Left atrium Mitral valve Left ventricle Aortic valve o Back to body Cardiac Anatomy - ANS The heart is the size of a closed fist 2/3 of the heart is to the left of the midline 1/3 under the sternum heart layers - ANS Endocardium ( inner) myocardium ( middle) Pericardium ( outer) Cardiac action potential: phase 0 - ANS rapid depolarization Sodium influx d/t voltage-gated sodium channels opening Cardiac action potential: phase 1 - ANS initial repolarization of cells voltage gated sodium channels closed voltage gated potassium channels open Potassium leaves cell slowly Cardiac action potential: phase 2 - ANS plateau phase voltage gated calcium channels open influx of calcium into the cell balances potassium efflux calcium influx triggers more calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum > myocardial contraction