NBCT EA/Social Studies-History Component 1 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

NBCT EA/Social Studies-History Component 1 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Lee Resolution (1776) - Answer- Resolution in the Second Continental Congress proposing independence for the American colonies. Declaration of Independence (1776) - Answer- Adopted by Continental Congress on July 4. Articles of Confederation (1777) - Answer- Served as the first US constitution until 1789; created a weak central government with no power to tax, no common currency, no executive or judicial branches, and gave each state one vote regardless of size. Treaty of Paris (1783) - Answer- Signed between the American colonies and Great Britain, ended the Revolution and recognized the USA as an independent nation. Virginia Plan (1787) - Answer- Drafted by James Madison, it proposed a strong central government composed of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. Northwest Ordinance (1787) - Answer- Provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from territory northwest of the Ohio River. Constitution of the United States (1787) - Answer- Drafted in secret by delegates to the Constitutional Convention, this four-page document established the government of the United States. The Federalist Papers () - Answer- Series of 85 essays published by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay to promote ratification of the Constitution. Federal Judiciary Act (1789) - Answer- One of the first acts of the new Congress was to establish a Federal court system through this Act signed by President Washington. Bill of Rights (1791) - Answer- Defined citizens' rights in relation to the newly established government under the Constitution. Cotton Gin (1794) - Answer- Eli Whitney's design to separate cotton fiber from seed; a profitable technology to agricultural production in America. President Washington's Farewell Address (1796) - Answer- Advised citizens to view themselves as a cohesive unit and avoid political parties; warning to be wary of attachments and entanglements with other nations. Alien & Sedition Acts (1798) - Answer- Passed in preparation for anticipated war with France, these tightened restrictions on foreign-born Americans and limited speech critical of the Government. Jefferson's Secret Message to Congress Regarding the Lewis & Clark Expedition (1803) - Answer- Asked Congress for $2,500 to explore the West--all the way to the Pacific Ocean. At the time, the territory did not belong to the US. Congress agreed to fund the expedition that would be led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Louisiana Purchase (1803) - Answer- United States purchased 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million from France. The US doubled its size, expanding the nation westward. Marbury v. Madison (1803) - Answer- Supreme Court established the right of courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the other two branches of government. Treaty of Ghent (1814) - Answer- Ended the War of 1812, fought between Great Britain and the United States. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) - Answer- This case involved the power of Congress to charter a bank, which sparked the broader issue of the division of powers between states and the federal Government. Missouri Compromise (1820) - Answer- Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a non-slave state at the same time, so as not to upset the balance between slave and free states in the nation. It also outlawed slavery above the 36"30' latitude line in the remainder of the Louisiana Territory. Monroe Doctrine (1823) - Answer- European powers were obligated to respect the Western Hemisphere as the United States' sphere of interest. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) - Answer- Supreme Court ruled that Congress has the power to "regulate commerce" and Federal law takes precedence over state laws. President Andrew Jackson's Message to Congress 'On Indian Removal' (1830) - Answer- Called for the relocation of eastern Native American tribes to land west of the Mississippi River, in order to open new land for settlement by citizens of the United States. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) - Answer- Ended the war between the United States and Mexico. Mexico ceded 55% of its territory, includi