TLI4801 ASSIGNMENT 1 2024 DUE TO MARCH 18, 2024

TLI4801 ASSIGNMENT 1 2024 DUE TO MARCH 18, 2024 Which of the following agents of evolution adapts populations to their environments? A. Mutation B. Natural selection C. Nonrandom mating D. Genetic drift - ANSWER B. Natural Selection Which of the following best describes natural selection? A. Chance variations in traits B. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals C. The processes that lead individuals to resemble their parents D. The potential for all species to increase rapidly in number E. The immutability of species - ANSWER B. The differential survival and reproduction of individuals Features that increase the likelihood of survival and reproduction by an organism in a particular environment are called A. Genes. B. Fitness. C. Mutations. D. Adaptations. - ANSWER D. Adaptations Evolution is a _______. A. Fact B. Theory C. Hypothesis D. Conjecture - ANSWER A. Fact Which of the following is not required for evolution by natural selection? A. Time B. Variation C. Genetic inheritance D. Selection E. Sexual reproduction - ANSWER E. Sexual reproduction The key point in Darwin's theory is that the ___________ imposes the conditions that determine the results of selection and thus the direction of selection. A. Parent B. Gene C. Individual D. Environment - ANSWER D. Environment The genetic contribution of an individual to succeeding generations, compared with that of other individuals in the population, is known as A. Variation. B. Microevolution. C. Macroevolution. D. Fitness. - ANSWER D. Fitness. In comparing artificial and natural selection, which of the following statements is true? A. Artificial selection is slower than natural selection. B. Artificial selection is reversible; natural selection is not. C. Artificial selection can produce maladaptive structures, natural selection cannot. D. Artificial selection cannot produce changes as large as changes produced by natural selection. E. In artificial selection, the magnitude of the selection pressure can be varied; in natural selection, it cannot. - ANSWER C. Artificial selection can produce maladaptive structures, natural selection cannot. Natural selection is based on all of the following except A. Genetic variation exists within populations. B. The best-adapted individuals tend to leave the most offspring. C. Populations tend to produce more individuals than the environment can support. D. Individuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve - ANSWER D. Individuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve Which of the following statements about evolution is false? A. Scientists have not been able to observe evolution in action. B. Evolutionary theory can be applied to solve practical problems. C. Biologists have accumulated a large body of evidence about the evolutionary changes that have occurred in the past. D. Biologists have accumulated a large body of evidence about how evolutionary changes occur. - ANSWER A. Scientists have not been able to observe evolution in action. During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in correcting this student's misconception? A. Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes. B. Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits. C. Only favorable adaptations have survival value. D. Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance. - ANSWER A. Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes. Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural selection? Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are heritable. Condition 2: Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success. Condition 3: Individuals pass on all traits they acquire during their lifetime. A. Condition 1 only B. Condition 2 only C. Condition 1 and 2 D. Condition 1, 2, and 3 - ANSWER C. Condition 1 and 2 Similar habitats often place similar selection pressures on different species. This often leads to unrelated species having features in common. What is this an example of? A. Vestigial structures B. Convergent evolution C. Homologous traits D. Artificial selection - ANSWER B. Convergent evolution Vestigial structures are ____________. A. Structures found in different species that have similar functions B. Structure with different appearances and functions but have a common ancestor C. Examples of convergent evolution D. Non-functional structures left over from an organism's evolutionary past - ANSWER D. Non-functional structures left over from an organism's evolutionary past The wings of birds and butterflies are examples of structures that resemble each other and have similar function, but are the result of convergent evolution in separate lineages. These structures are called ________