NURS 641 Midterm Exam (Questions and Answers)

Qualitative Study - Answer--data is formed from what people say -goal is to understand -prolonged data collection until saturation -looks at the experience Protocol - Answer-A set of specific care actions for a patient population that has been endorsed by the hospital, agency, primary care clinic, or healthcare facility. Level of Evidence I - Answer-I High-quality, multicenter or single-center, randomized controlled trial with adequate power; or systematic review of these studies Level of Evidence II - Answer-II Lesser quality, randomized controlled trial; prospective cohort study; or systematic review of these studies Level of Evidence III - Answer-III Retrospective comparative study; case-control study; or systematic review of these studies Level of Evidence IV - Answer-Case-series Level of Evidence V - Answer-Expert opinion; case report or clinical example; or evidence based on physiology, bench research, or "first principles" Research Studies - Answer-Original Studies Clinical Practice Guidelines - Answer-Nurses conduct a review of the research and formulate recommendations using that evidence. Knowledge Building - Answer-Individual studies- research summary- E-b guideline - agency protocol Purposes of Individual Studies - Answer-*Diverse goals; produce different forms of clinical knowledge*-Understand a health, illness, or healthcare experience -Develop a theory -Describe a health-related happening -Measure the strength of relationships between several health-related events or states -Test a hypothesis about the effectiveness of an intervention Format of a Study Report - Answer--Title -Abstract -Introduction -Methods -Results -Discussion/Conclusions (author's opinion about the meaning of the findings) -References Methods Common to All Qualitative Research Methods - Answer--Better to capture psycho-social variables -Researchers immerse themselves in their data -Researchers try not to imposed their preconceptions, assumptions, or beliefs on the collection of data or its interpretation [Bracketing] -Sampling strategies are different-Purposive Qualitative Research - Answer--Inductive -Need to reduce the large volume of data -Analysis of data organized into themes -Generally do not conduct an extensive literature review prior to collecting data. -Themes and patterns sought in the data. -Data saturation