PSY 110 Exam 1 (Nauta) Latest 2024 Rated A+

PSY 110 Exam 1 (Nauta) Latest 2024 Rated A+ Psychology Study of behaviors and mental processes between humans and animals Natural Selection Evolutionary theory - idea that those who inherit characteristics that help them adapt to their particular environments have a selective advantage over those that do not Functionalism Early school of thought concerned with the adaptive purpose, or function of mind & behavior Structuralism Early school of Psy. that explored structures of the mind through introspection. i.e. the person might report on the quality ("red") & intensity ("bright") of an apple. The person's verbal reports were thought to reveal the basic parts of the conscious mind Psychoanalysis Had a large impact on early treatment of psychological disorders. But today most clinical psychologists use different techniques to treat psychological disorders Gestalt Theory Idea that the whole of personal experience is different from simply the sum of its parts Behaviorism School of thought that emphasizes the role of environmental forces in producing behavior Cognitive Psychology Study of how people think, learn and remember Social Psychology How people are affected by their social environment, interpersonal relationships, psych. disorders i.e. schizophrenia Culture Beliefs, values, rules and customs that exist w/in a group of people who share a common language & environment that are transmitted through learning from one generation to the next Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) Groups of people responsible for reviewing proposed research to ensure that it meets the accepted standards of science and provides for the physical & emotional well-being of research participants Scientific Method Systematic procedure of observing & measuring phenomena (observable things) to answer questions about what happens, when it happens, what causes it & why. This process involves a dynamic interaction between theories, hypotheses & research methods Theory Model of interconnected ideas or concepts that explains what is observed & makes predictions about future events Hypothesis Specific prediction of what should be observed if a theory is correct Observational Studies Specific type of descriptive method. They involve observing & classifying behavior, either w/ intervention by the observer or w/o intervention by observer self-reports Descriptive research method that involves asking questions of participants. They respond in any way they feel is appropriate or select from among a fixed number of options Case Studies Descriptive research