Case study - San Francisco
San Fransisco is in California on the West Coast of the
USA, It has grown due to a number of factors. It is the
leading global region for entrepreneurship,
investment and tech business.
Many of the world’s most innovative technological
advances have been conceived, incubated and scaled
in Silicon Valley, generating economic growth and
prosperity for the regions’ companies and residents.
Why has San Fransisco grown?
● TNC’s setting up HQ in Silicon Valley (Apple
and Android).
○ The San Fransisco/Silicon Valley Area consists of 101 cities, but it is one economy with
more than 7 million people living, working and recreating across the region.
○ The economy would rank 23rd in the world if the area was a country.
○ Since 2010, the area has grown at nearly double the rate of other US metropolitan areas.
● Increased FDI.
○ Many world-famous companies have their own campus in Silicon Valley.
○ With 2.33 million square metres of office space, the area is the leading tech centre in
San Fransisco.
○ Many firms start in San Fransisco and move to Silicon Valley when they get larger.
● Better services and housing.
● Reduced unemployment.
○ Labour productivity was 62% higher than the US average in 2013.
○ There are more STEM jobs available in the area because the technology industry is highly
diverse, spanning hardware, software, biotech, cleantech, communications and social
media.
○ Last year, 26,000 jobs were created.
○
● More transport links
○ Although there are high levels of demand, extensive commuter rail and 3 major airports,
historically transport has been underfunded.
Why did companies relocate to San Fransisco?
● Close proximity to Harvard University, highly skilled workers.
● Research and technology centres help innovation.
● San Fransisco airport and docs, accessible = shrinking world.
, Benefits:
● Creates 1000s of new jobs.
● Provides big payouts in tax for
the government.
● Increased investment into local
area improving services.
Costs:
● The class divide was created.
● Many jobs are highly skilled and
paid, causing the price of living
to increase.
● Some areas are deprived.
● In 2016, the population decreased by 5000.
● The San Fransisco area housing costs and rent prices are at an all-time high, largely as a result of
the failure to construct new housing in line with demand, which resulted in inequality.
Case study - Bristol
● Bristol is a UK city in the South West of
England. Bristol can be found on the
coast of the Bristol Channel and is one
of the UK’s 10 core cities.
● In the past Bristol docks was an
important industrial area with
shipbuilding and warehouses right in
the centre of the city. Over time the
docks became outdated and too small
for big container ships. This led to the
decline of the area around the docks.
● During recent years the dockland area has undergone a big transformation. It is now
known as Bristol Harbourside and contains many new functions. This is an example of
regeneration.
● Bristol has experienced harbourside regeneration, there is ongoing tourism
development aimed at regenerating areas of the city.
Background
● The dockland areas went into near terminal decline following large cargo ships that
could not navigate the Avon River. This decline was heightened by competition at the
new docks of Avonmouth and Portbury.
San Fransisco is in California on the West Coast of the
USA, It has grown due to a number of factors. It is the
leading global region for entrepreneurship,
investment and tech business.
Many of the world’s most innovative technological
advances have been conceived, incubated and scaled
in Silicon Valley, generating economic growth and
prosperity for the regions’ companies and residents.
Why has San Fransisco grown?
● TNC’s setting up HQ in Silicon Valley (Apple
and Android).
○ The San Fransisco/Silicon Valley Area consists of 101 cities, but it is one economy with
more than 7 million people living, working and recreating across the region.
○ The economy would rank 23rd in the world if the area was a country.
○ Since 2010, the area has grown at nearly double the rate of other US metropolitan areas.
● Increased FDI.
○ Many world-famous companies have their own campus in Silicon Valley.
○ With 2.33 million square metres of office space, the area is the leading tech centre in
San Fransisco.
○ Many firms start in San Fransisco and move to Silicon Valley when they get larger.
● Better services and housing.
● Reduced unemployment.
○ Labour productivity was 62% higher than the US average in 2013.
○ There are more STEM jobs available in the area because the technology industry is highly
diverse, spanning hardware, software, biotech, cleantech, communications and social
media.
○ Last year, 26,000 jobs were created.
○
● More transport links
○ Although there are high levels of demand, extensive commuter rail and 3 major airports,
historically transport has been underfunded.
Why did companies relocate to San Fransisco?
● Close proximity to Harvard University, highly skilled workers.
● Research and technology centres help innovation.
● San Fransisco airport and docs, accessible = shrinking world.
, Benefits:
● Creates 1000s of new jobs.
● Provides big payouts in tax for
the government.
● Increased investment into local
area improving services.
Costs:
● The class divide was created.
● Many jobs are highly skilled and
paid, causing the price of living
to increase.
● Some areas are deprived.
● In 2016, the population decreased by 5000.
● The San Fransisco area housing costs and rent prices are at an all-time high, largely as a result of
the failure to construct new housing in line with demand, which resulted in inequality.
Case study - Bristol
● Bristol is a UK city in the South West of
England. Bristol can be found on the
coast of the Bristol Channel and is one
of the UK’s 10 core cities.
● In the past Bristol docks was an
important industrial area with
shipbuilding and warehouses right in
the centre of the city. Over time the
docks became outdated and too small
for big container ships. This led to the
decline of the area around the docks.
● During recent years the dockland area has undergone a big transformation. It is now
known as Bristol Harbourside and contains many new functions. This is an example of
regeneration.
● Bristol has experienced harbourside regeneration, there is ongoing tourism
development aimed at regenerating areas of the city.
Background
● The dockland areas went into near terminal decline following large cargo ships that
could not navigate the Avon River. This decline was heightened by competition at the
new docks of Avonmouth and Portbury.
