OMSA Study Guide With Latest Questions And Answers 2024

OMSA Study Guide With Latest Questions And Answers 2024 Name the 4 valves in the heart - answerTricuspid valve Aortic Valve Mitral Valve pulmonic Valve Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - answerBetween the right atrium and right ventricle Where is the Mitral valve located? - answerBetween the left atrium and the left ventricle Where is the Aortic valve located? - answerBetween the aorta and the heart's left ventricle Where is the pulmonic valve located? - answerBetween the" right ventricle and the pulmonary artery What is the function of valves in the heart? - answerTo prevent the backflow of blood When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make, and what causes this sound? - answerLub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing What is angina pectoris? - answerAnother name for chest pain of cardiac origin What is angina pectoris caused by? - answerIschemia or lack of oxygen to the heart muscle How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - answerIt dilates the coronary arteries and increases the blood flow to the heart When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - answerWhen the heart is deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies Death of the heart muscle - answernecrosis Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - answerFamily history of heart disease Smokers Hypercholesterolemia Diabetes Obesity Sedentary lifestyle Hypertension Advancing age History of MI Congestive heart failure Heart valve dysfunction dysrhythmias Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI) (5) - answer-Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin -Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw -Blood pressure drop -weak with thready pulse -nausea or vomiting What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - answerMorphine Oxygen Nitrates Aspirin Place patient on monitors and start IV asap What is congestive heart failure? - answerThe heart cannot pump blood in a forward motion What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - answerExcess blood an fluid backing up systemically; meaning in the rest of the body What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - answerSwelling in the ankles and ascetics (belly) Distended neck veins What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - answerFluid backing up into the lungs causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum. What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - answerShortness of breath and wakes up in the middle of the night gasping for air What is the normal treatment for CHF? - answerDiuretics; so the patient pees out the excess fluid How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - answerBy using tone pulse, blood pressure and the EKG What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - answerfor controlling the bodily functions not consciously directed Causing increased heart rate and blood pressure and bronchodilates the airways; "Fight or flight" - answerSympathetic nervous system Results in stimulation of salivary glands, and slows the heart rate; "couch potatoes state" - answerParasympathetic nervous system Another name for stroke - answerCerebral vascular accident A type of Cerebral vascular accident where a blood clot occurs in the brain causing the blood vessel to become occluded depriving the brain tissue of oxygen - answerembolic stroke A type Cerebral vascular accident where a bold vessel ruptures and bleeds depriving the brain tissue of oxygen - answerHemorrhagic stroke Symptoms of a cerebral vascular accident include: - answerWeakness of extremities usually one side only Facial palsy or slurred speech headache How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - answerBy the patients pulse rate, the patients blood pressure and the EKG What 3 areas are the most common to take a pulse? - answerRadial, Branchial and carotid What is the ideal size for a blood pressure cuff to ensure an accurate BP reading? - answerGreater that 1/3 the circumference of the arm What does systolic pressure represent? - answerThe force of the ventricular contraction The sound of the blood rushing through the veins after the BP cuff releases? - answerKorotkoff sounds What is the autonomic nervous system? - answerResponsible for control of the bodily functions not consc