Comprehensive Basic Science Exam (CBSE) Review Set
I// NBME CBSE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2023-2024 MEDICAL EXAMINATION GRADED
A+
Gaucher (Type 1) - ANSWER-AR Lysosomal storage
disease
Accumulation of sphingolipid glucocerebroside
Most common
Wrinkled tissue paper
I Cell disease - ANSWER-Failure of Golgi apparatus to
phosphorylate mannose 6-phosphate the marker to
export enzymes to lysosomes resulting in accumulation
of lysosomal enzymes in serum
,Nitroblue tetrazolium test - ANSWER-Aqualitative test to
determine defects in NADPH oxidase
Negative: CGD
Positive: Acute Hepatitis, Mono
CGD (chronic granulomatous disease) - ANSWER-
inability to produce NADPH oxidase; susceptible to Cat
+ organisms; elevated neutrophils w/ normal T cell
Gp91 phox subunit: heme binding subunit of superoxide
generating NADPH
Treat with interferon gamma
Clarithromycin (macrolide) - ANSWER-ADR of metallic
taste & GI
Codeine - ANSWER-ADR resp. depression, euphoria, &
constipation
Cyclobenzaprine - ANSWER-Structurally similar to TCAs
w/ anticholinergic side effects used for relief of muscle
spasms
May exacerbate glaucoma
,Naproxen - ANSWER-ADR of GI & renal (in elderly)
Timolol - ANSWER-Used in HTN & glaucoma; ADR of
bradycardia & worsening asthma
Bacterial vaginosis - ANSWER-Sloughed mucosal cells
= clue cells
Trichomoniasis - ANSWER-Cilated, motile trophozoites
w/ corkscrew-like motility
Autism - ANSWER-Lack of eye contact, verbal
communication, & separation anxiety; repetitious
behavior
Emphysema - ANSWER-Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio,
normal FVC; TLC, FRC, & RV increase
Parathyroid hormone(PTH) vs phosphate in
hypercalcemia - ANSWER-PTH: rapid & direct
Phosphate: slow & indirect
, ANP: - ANSWER-Afib, Ch-1p, NPPA gene mutation
causing binding interference,- decrease cGMP
Failure of development of 3rd or 4th pharyngeal
pouches - ANSWER-DiGeorge syndrome (CATCH 22):
truncus arteriosus & agenesis of parathyroid glands
May also be associated w/ failure of thymus to develop -
> T lymphocytes w/ CD3 marker
Huntington disease - ANSWER-PCR is the most common
method to est. # of CAGs
Both the coding & template strands bind the forward &
reverse primers on 3' end
Pyrmidine Dimers - ANSWER-BRAF gain of function
mutation causing covalant thymine (or Cystine) bonds
normally repaired thru NER in the G1 phase by
endonuclease recognition then excision (DNA
polymerase then fills; ligase then reseals)
Xeroderma pigmentosum - ANSWER-Mutation of NER
endonuclease from UV radiation disrupting DNA
I// NBME CBSE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2023-2024 MEDICAL EXAMINATION GRADED
A+
Gaucher (Type 1) - ANSWER-AR Lysosomal storage
disease
Accumulation of sphingolipid glucocerebroside
Most common
Wrinkled tissue paper
I Cell disease - ANSWER-Failure of Golgi apparatus to
phosphorylate mannose 6-phosphate the marker to
export enzymes to lysosomes resulting in accumulation
of lysosomal enzymes in serum
,Nitroblue tetrazolium test - ANSWER-Aqualitative test to
determine defects in NADPH oxidase
Negative: CGD
Positive: Acute Hepatitis, Mono
CGD (chronic granulomatous disease) - ANSWER-
inability to produce NADPH oxidase; susceptible to Cat
+ organisms; elevated neutrophils w/ normal T cell
Gp91 phox subunit: heme binding subunit of superoxide
generating NADPH
Treat with interferon gamma
Clarithromycin (macrolide) - ANSWER-ADR of metallic
taste & GI
Codeine - ANSWER-ADR resp. depression, euphoria, &
constipation
Cyclobenzaprine - ANSWER-Structurally similar to TCAs
w/ anticholinergic side effects used for relief of muscle
spasms
May exacerbate glaucoma
,Naproxen - ANSWER-ADR of GI & renal (in elderly)
Timolol - ANSWER-Used in HTN & glaucoma; ADR of
bradycardia & worsening asthma
Bacterial vaginosis - ANSWER-Sloughed mucosal cells
= clue cells
Trichomoniasis - ANSWER-Cilated, motile trophozoites
w/ corkscrew-like motility
Autism - ANSWER-Lack of eye contact, verbal
communication, & separation anxiety; repetitious
behavior
Emphysema - ANSWER-Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio,
normal FVC; TLC, FRC, & RV increase
Parathyroid hormone(PTH) vs phosphate in
hypercalcemia - ANSWER-PTH: rapid & direct
Phosphate: slow & indirect
, ANP: - ANSWER-Afib, Ch-1p, NPPA gene mutation
causing binding interference,- decrease cGMP
Failure of development of 3rd or 4th pharyngeal
pouches - ANSWER-DiGeorge syndrome (CATCH 22):
truncus arteriosus & agenesis of parathyroid glands
May also be associated w/ failure of thymus to develop -
> T lymphocytes w/ CD3 marker
Huntington disease - ANSWER-PCR is the most common
method to est. # of CAGs
Both the coding & template strands bind the forward &
reverse primers on 3' end
Pyrmidine Dimers - ANSWER-BRAF gain of function
mutation causing covalant thymine (or Cystine) bonds
normally repaired thru NER in the G1 phase by
endonuclease recognition then excision (DNA
polymerase then fills; ligase then reseals)
Xeroderma pigmentosum - ANSWER-Mutation of NER
endonuclease from UV radiation disrupting DNA
