MARYVILLE MVU PEDI/OB NURS 629 EXAM 3 Q & A 202425

MARYVILLE MVU PEDI/OB NURS 629 EXAM 3 Q & A 202425 Risk factors related to elevated cholesterol? • Obesity • Diabetes • Hypertension • Family history: o Coronary heart disease prior to age 55 o Hyperlipidemia o Diabetes Most common cyanotic cardiac lesion (disorder) Tetralogy of Fallot What is Tetralogy of Fallot? a congenital heart condition involving four abnormalities occurring together: 1) Pulmonary valve stenosis 2) RT vent hypertrophy 3)Vent septum Defect 4)Aorta overrides Vent Septum What would be seen on X-ray with TOF Boot shaped heart and Rt vent hypertrophy What are the common s/s of tetralogy of Fallot? *Cyanosis (hypoxia) *SOB w/exercise *clubbing fingers and toes *delayed growth *systolic and holosystolic murmurs What criteria would you have to consider inpatient admission in a patient with pneumonia Comorbidities: lung dz, congenital Heart dz, DM, grunting child, O2 <92% What to expect of a 2-mo old visual acuity? *Vision of 20/400 *Can fix and follow objects S/S of viral conjunctivitis *Starts bilaterally *usually occurs with upper resp tract infection (adenovirus) *serous(watery) drainage *injected conjunctiva *Enlarged or tender preauricular nodes Clinical findings of of viral conjunctivitis *Normal visual acuity *injected conjunctiva *Preauricular lymphadenopathy Treatment of viral conjunctivitis * Symptomatic only * Warm or Cool compresses * Strict eye/hand hygiene * avoid contacts for a while What do you do for a patient with an elevated B/P on initial visit? *Repeat in 1-2 weeks and average over 3 visits *Pt to keep log for review *Encourage healthy lifestyle choices Asthma is disruptive several times during the night/interrupting sleep at least 3 times a week, what's the next step? Moderate persistant; prescribe inhaled steroid (flovent) Causative organism of bronchiolitis (RSV) Respiratory syncytial virus most likely cause what type of murmur is caused by normal blood flow thru normal cardiac structures in up to 80% children; Midsystolic; can come and go; Gets louder with fever, exercise, and anxiety functional or innocent murmur When do innocent murmurs develop? (book p 763) age 3-4; (module 10 lect) age 2-6 type of murmur caused by turbulent blood flow caused by a defect or abnormal cardiac structures; Dystolic; Grade ≥ IV; increases with sitting or standing pathological murmur symptoms of croup • Barking cough • Fever • URI symptoms s/s of bronchiolitis • inspiratory and expiratory wheezing accompanied by: *fever *URI symptoms including profuse clear nasal discharge When to use inhaler to treat exercise induced asthma Use rescue inhaler 15-30 minute prior to activity Condition caused by a defect or hole in the atrial septum Atrial Septum Defect (ASD) When should children be screened for hyperlipidemia? between 9-11 years then 17-21 years Idiopathic multisystem disease characterized by vasculitis of small and medium blood vessels including coronary arteries Kawasaki What can develop in 15% - 25% of untreated children with Kawasaki disease? Coronary artery aneurysms Clinical findings of Kawasaki disease (requires 4/5 to diagnose) *Change in extremities (edema, erythema, PEELING HANDS) *Polymorphous exanthem (truncal) *Conjunctival injection *Erythema or fissuring of lips and oral cavity *Cervical lymphadenopathy common contagious bacterial infection; 2 forms non-bullous with honey-colored crusts on lesions and bullous Impetigo rose-colored flaking/scaling, hyper-pigmented lesions in a christmas tree distribution (trunk); is a common, mild, self-limited papulosquamous disease; caused by human herpes virus Pityriasis Rosea fiery red, maculopapular facial rash concentrated on the cheeks; Slapped cheek appearance Fifth's disease commonly called ringworm, is a superficial fungal skin infection found on the non-hairy skin of the body; • annular lesions with a scaly border and central clearing Tinea Corporis pustular, ulcerating lesions; on the hands and feet; oral ulcers Hand-foot-mouth disease When can a child return to school after diagnosed with impetigo? can return to school 48 hours after starting treatment What is the treatment for impetigo? superficial/ non-bullous=topical antibiotics; multiple lesions/nonbullous infection = oral antibiotics