4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKT Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKT Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Anterograde (Posttraumatic) Amnesia - answerInability to remember events after an injury. Basilar Skull Fractures - answerUsually occur following diffuse impact to the head (such as falls, motor vehicle crashes); generally result from extension of a linear fracture to the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph (x-ray). Battle's Sign - answerBruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a skull fracture. Cerebral Edema - answerSwelling of the brain. Closed Head Injury - answerInjury in which the brain ahs been injured but the skin has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding. Concussion - answerA temporary loss or alteration of part of all of the brain's abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain. Connecting Nerves - answerNerves in the spinal cord that connect the motor and sensory nerves. Coup-Contrecoup Injury - answerDual impacting of the brain into the skull; coup injury occurs at the point of impact; Contrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of impact, as the brain rebounds. Distraction - answerthe action of pulling the spine along its length. Epidural Hematoma - answerAn accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura mater. Eyes-Forward Position - answerA head position in which the patient's eyes are looking straight ahead and the head and torso are in line. Four-Person Log Roll - answerThe recommended procedure for moving a patient with a suspected spinal injury from the ground to a long backboard. Intervertebral Disk - answerThe cushion that lies between two vertebrae. Intracerebral Hematoma - answerBleeding within the brain tissue (parenchyma) itself; also referred to as an intraparenchymal hematoma. ICP - answerIntracranial Pressure. Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - answerThe pressure within the cranial vault. Involuntary Activities - answerActions of the body that are not under a person's conscious control. Linear Skull Fractures - answerAccount for 80% of skull fractures; also referred to as nondisplaced skull fractures; commonly occur in the temporal-parietal region of the skull; not associated with deformities to the skull. Meninges - answerThree distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal. Open Head Injury - answerInjury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue. Primary (Direct) Injury - answerAn injury to the brain and its associated structures that is a direct result of impact to the head. Raccoon Eyes - answerBruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture. Retrograde Amnesia - answerThe inability to remember events leading up to a head injury. Secondary (Indirect) Injury - answerThe "after effects" of the primary injury; includes abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed following the primary brain injury. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - answerBleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates. Subdural Hematoma - answerAn accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but outside the brain. Subluxation - answerA partial or incomplete dislocation. TBI - answerTraumatic Brain Injury Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - answerA traumatic insult to the brain capable of producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational changes. Voluntary Activities - answerActions that we consciously perform, in which sensory input or conscious thought determines a specific muscular activity. developmental disability - answerinsufficient development of the brain resulting in some level of dysfunction or impairment. Can include intellectual, hearing, or vision impairments that surface during infanthood or childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - answera group of complex disorders of brain development characterized by difficulties in social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and verbal and nonverbal communication down syndrome - answera genetic chromosomal defect that can occur during fetal development and that results in intellectual impairment as well as certain physical characteristics such as a round head with a flat occiput and slanted wide set eyes. Increased maternal age and family history are known risk factors for this condition. these are the characteristics of a developmentally disabled patient - answermay appear slow to understand, limited vocabulary immature behavior characteristics of autism - answersevere behavioral problems, repetitive motor activities, impairment in verbal and nonverbal skills, difficulty making eye contact, has trouble answering open ended questions and monotone speech these are the most common forms of hearing loss - answersensorineural deafness and conductive hearing loss sensorineural deafness - answera permanent lack of hearing caused by a lesion or damage of the inner ear conductive hearing loss - answerhearing loss caused by a faulty transmission of sounds waves. can be caused by an accumulation of wax within the ear canal or a perforated eardrum tracheostomy tube - answera plastic tube placed within the tracheostomy site (stoma) ventilator malfunction - answerif this malfunction occurs, remove the patient from this devise and begin bag-valve-mask ventilations via the tracheostomy hole internal cardiac pacemaker - answerthis is a device implanted under the patients skin to regulate the heart rate. (document the type of pacemaker) left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) - answerthis is a special piece of medical equipment that takes over the function of one or both heart ventricles. it is used as a bridge to heart transplantation while a donor heart is located. may be difficult to palpate a pulse in patients who have this central venous catheter - answera catheter that has its tip placed in the vena cavato and provides venous access (pick-line) used for home care patients, chemotherapy, long term antibiotic or pain management, total parental nutrition (TPN) hemodialysis, or high concentration glucose solutions. common locations - chest, upper arm, subclavicular gastrostomy tubes - answerthese may be placed into the stomach for patients who cannot ingest fluids, food or medication by mouth. this transport position should be used for patients with gastric tubes and difficulty breathing - answersitting or lying on the right side with the head elevated 30 degrees shunts - answertubes that drain excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain to another part of the body outside of the brain such as the abdomen; lowers pressure in the brain. used for patients with chronic neurologic conditions. located beneath the skin on the side of the head behind the ear. signs/symptoms of distress for kids with shunts - answerbulging fontanelles (infants) headache, projectile vomiting, AMS, irritability, high pitched cry, fever, nausea, difficulty walking, blurred vision, seizures, redness along the shunt track, bradycardia, and heart arrhythmias vagal nerve stimulator - answerthis is a treatment used for seizures that are not controlled with medication. it stimulates the vagus nerve at predetermined intervals to prevent seizure activity. surgical implant used in children over 12. located under the patients skin about the size of a silver dollar. colostomy - answera surgical procedure to create an opening (stoma) between the small or large intestine and the surface of the body caregiver - answerinteraction with the ___________ is important because they are experts on caring for the patient and can help determine baseline behavior for the patient urostomy - answera surgical procedure to create an opening (stoma) which connects the urinary system to the surface of the skin and allows urine to drain through the abdominal wall instead of through the urethra tracheostomy - answera surgical procedure to create an opening (stoma) into the trachea; a stoma in the neck connects the trachea directly to the skin stoma - answeran opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure spina bifida - answera development defect in which a portion of the spinal cord or meninges may protrude outside of the vertebrae and possible even outside of the body usually at the lower third of the spine in the lumbar area. this is a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column during embryonic or fetal development obesity - answera complex condition in which a person has an excessive amount of body fat. ileostomy - answera surgical procedure to create an opening (stoma) between the small intestine and the surface of the body. cerebral palsy - answerthis is a brain / group of disorders characterized by poorly controlled body movement. limbs are often underdeveloped and prone to injury. intellectual disability - answerresults in the inability to learn and socially adapt at a normal developmental rate characteristics of intellectual disability - answerpatients may appear slow to understand or have a limited vocabulary. may behave immaturely compared to their peers. if severely disabled, may not have the ability to care for themselves, communicate, understand or respond to surroundings pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) - answercharacterized by impaired social or communication skills, repetitive behaviors, or a restricted range of interests. Atlantoaxial Instability (AAI) - answerthis is characterized by excessive movement at the junction between the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) as a result of either a bony or ligamentous abnormality. Neurologic symptoms can occur when the spinal cord or adjacent nerve roots are involved. 15% of people's neck with down syndrome is unstable at this joint behind-the-ear-type hearing aide - answerthese are contained in plastic cases that rest behind the ear conventional body type hearing aides - answerthese are an older style used for profound hearing loss in-the-canal & completely in-the-canal hearing aides - answerthese are contained in a plastic case that fits partly or completely inside of the ear canal in-the-ear type hearing aides - answerthese are contained in a shell that fits in the outer part of the ear ataxia - answeran unsteady gait mild to severe symptoms of Cerebral Palsy - answerpoor posture, uncontrolled spastic movements of the limbs, visual and hearing impairments, difficulty communicating, epilepsy (seizures), intellectual disabilities, unste