AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Questions and Answers | 100% Correct

AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Questions and Answers | 100% Correct Wilhelm Wundt - Answer-- First Psychologist - First Lab in Germany - Experimental Conditions - Structuralism and Introspection Introspection - Answer-Person Gains knowledge about their mental state by examining their conscious thoughts and feelings Empiricism - Answer-Knowledge is derived from sensory experience, characterised by the use of the scientific method Scientific Method - Answer-The investigative methods that are: - Objective - Systematic - Reliable Evaluation of Wundt - Answer-- methods were unreliable as it relied on non-observable - Introspection is not accurate because people are often unaware of are behaviours Evaluation of the Scientific Approach - Answer-- its objective and systematic - Rely on determinism - Self corrective - Create non-naturalistic environments - Human behaviour is not always observable to the rules of science Classical Conditioning - Answer-Pavlov - When a neutral stimulus is consistently paired with an unconditional stimulus so that it takes on the properties on the stimulus and is able to produced a conditioned response Classical Conditioning steps - Answer-UCS -> UCR NS -> No Response UCS+NS -> UCR CS -> CR Features of CC - Answer-- If time interval is too great between conditioning it does not work - CR will become extinct in the absence of the UCS after a while - If extinct and paired again they pair more quickly (Spontaneous Recovery) - Stimulus generalisation, CR is created to things similar to CS Operant Conditioning - Answer-Skinner - Learning through reinforcement or punishment, a behaviour is more likely if followed by a desirable concequence Positive Reinforcement - Answer-Behaviour Produces a response that is desirable Negative Reinforcement - Answer-Doing something to stop unpleasant response Reinforcement - Answer-Strengthening a response Punishment - Answer-An unpleasant consequence following a behaviour Features of Classical Conditioning - Answer-- Scheduling reinforcement makes it stronger