Test Bank & Instructor Solution Manual for Human Development A Cultural Approach 3rd Edition by Jeffery Jensen-stamped

Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, A Cultural Approach to Human Development Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Test Bank & Instructor Solution Manual for Human Development: A Cultural Approach 3rd Edition by Jeffery Jensen Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, A Cultural Approach to Human Development Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Chapter 1 A Cultural Approach to Human Development Section 1 Human Development Today and Its Origins................................................2 Multiple Choice Questions.......................................................................................3 Short Answer Questions ........................................................................................28 Essay Question ......................................................................................................29 Section 2 Theories of Human Development................................................................30 Multiple Choice Questions.....................................................................................31 Short Answer Questions ........................................................................................57 Essay Questions.....................................................................................................58 Section 3 How We Study Human Development .........................................................60 Multiple Choice Questions.....................................................................................61 Short Answer Questions ........................................................................................87 Essay Question ......................................................................................................89 Section 4 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions ............................................90 Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, A Cultural Approach to Human Development Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 TOTAL ASSESSMENT GUIDE Chapter 1, Section 1 Human Development Today and Its Origins Learning Objective Remember the Facts Understand the Concepts Apply What You Know Analyze It Learning Objective 1.1 Multiple Choice 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 30 3, 5, 8, 11, 16, 17, 18, 23, 27, 29 19, 22 7, 14, 15, 28 Short Answer 75 Essay 80 Learning Objective 1.2 Multiple Choice 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39 31, 36 37 Short Answer Essay Learning Objective 1.3 Multiple Choice 41, 44 40, 45 42, 43, 46 Short Answer 76 Essay Learning Objective 1.4 Multiple Choice 51, 55, 56 52, 54, 57 58 50, 53 Short Answer 77 Essay Learning Objective 1.5 Multiple Choice 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68 65, 69, 70, 71 Short Answer 78 Essay Learning Objective 1.6 Multiple Choice 73, 74 72 Short Answer 79 Essay Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Section 1 Human Development Today and Its Origins Multiple Choice Questions 1. The ways people grow and change biologically, cognitively, psychologically, and socially across the life span is referred to as __________. a. human development b. evolution c. change d. growth Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: None Topic: Chapter Introduction APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. % correct 86 a= 86 b= 6 c= 7 d= 1 r = .19 2. The total pattern of a group’s customs, beliefs, art, and technology is referred to as __________. a. clan b. society c. culture d. beliefs Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: None Topic: Chapter Introduction APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 3. For most of history the total human population was under __________. a. 1 million b. 10 million c. 100 million d. 1 billion Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 4. For most of human history how many children did women typically have? a. 1 to 2 b. 4 to 8 c. 10 to 12 d. 13 to 15 Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 5. The human population began to increase noticeably around 10,000 years ago. What has been hypothesized as the reason for the population increase at that time? a. the discovery of medicine b. the development of agriculture and the domestication of animals c. an increase in the size of women’s pelvic openings that assisted in labor d. construction techniques that allowed for stronger homes that were better heated Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. % correct 76 a= 20 b= 76 c= 4 d= 0 r = .51 6. When did the world population reach 500 million people? a. 400 years ago b. 1,000 years ago c. 4,000 years ago d. 10,000 years ago Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 7. Which of the following most contributed to the large increase in world population that occurred around the 1800s to 1900s? a. The average number of children per household increased from one to three children. b. Fewer women were dying in childbirth because they waited longer to have children. c. The domestication of animals provided a larger food supply. d. More people lived due to the discovery of vaccinations and medical treatments for deadly diseases. Answer: d Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 8. Between 1800 and 1930, the human population doubled from 1 billion to 2 billion. What led to this increase in population? a. government-controlled farming b. globalization and shared resources c. medical advances that eliminated deadly diseases d. families had multiple children Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 9. The total human population in 2018 is about __________. a. 6 billion b. 6.5 billion c. 7 billion d. 7.6 billion Answer: d Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 10. Based on statistics presented by the United Nations, how high is the human population projected to be by the year 2100? a. 9.5 billion b. 11 billion c. 11.6 billion d. 13 billion Answer: b Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 11. How is the total fertility rate (TFR) defined? a. the number of births per woman b. the number of conceptions per woman c. the number of fetuses that were spontaneously aborted d. the number of women taking fertility drugs Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 12. What is the current total fertility rate (TFR) worldwide? a. 1.4 b. 2.5 c. 4.2 d. 5.6 Answer: b Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 13. At what point does the total fertility rate (TFR) become the replacement rate of a stable population? a. 1.4 b. 2.1 c. 2.8 d. 3.2 Answer: b Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 14. If current trends continue, in what year will the worldwide total fertility rate (TFR) reach the replacement rate? a. 2020 b. 2050 c. 2080 d. 3010 Answer: b Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving. 15. Which statement accurately describes the trend in the worldwide total fertility rate (TFR) that has been occurring over the past 10 years? a. The TFR has increased sharply. b. The TFR has decreased sharply. c. The TFR has held steady. d. The TFR has increased gradually. Answer: b Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 16. Where will nearly all of the population growth from now till the year 2100 take place? a. developed countries b. developing countries c. emerging countries d. South American countries Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. % correct 66 a= 32 b= 66 c= 1 d= 1 r = .21 17. Which term is used in the text to refer to the most affluent countries in the world? a. affluent countries b. developed countries c. developing countries d. population-rich countries Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 18. The United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, and nearly all the countries of Europe are examples of __________. a. developed countries b. developing countries c. collective cultures d. individualistic cultures Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 19. Your best friend Anaya lives in India, which is described as a country that has less wealth but is experiencing rapid economic growth. Anaya lives in one of the world’s __________. a. impoverished countries b. developed countries c. developing countries d. population-rich countries Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 20. Most of the people living in India live on __________ a day. a. less than fifty cents b. about one dollar c. less than two dollars d. about four dollars Answer: c Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 21. Which statement most accurately describes an aspect of the Indian population? a. Three-fourths of Indian children are underweight and malnourished. b. Less than one-quarter of Indian adolescents complete secondary school. c. About half of adult Indian women are literate. d. Two-thirds of the Indian population lives in urban areas. Answer: c Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 22. You received cash from your grandparents and want to invest it wisely. Being particularly interested in investing in countries that are leading in telecommunications and manufacturing, you are considering investing in __________ because you know that it is projected to lead the world in economic production by 2050. a. Canada b. Brazil c. China d. India Answer: d Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 23. What is projected to happen to the populations of developed countries other than the United States between now and the year 2050? a. Their populations will increase more than those in developing countries. b. Their populations will remain stable. c. Their populations will decrease. d. Their populations will increase slowly. Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.3 Describe applications that employ discipline-based problem solving. 24. The United States population is projected to be __________ by 2050. a. 350 million b. 400 million c. 500 million d. 750 million Answer: b Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 25. Developed countries make up roughly __________ of the world’s population, whereas developing countries make up __________. a. 20%, 80% b. 27%, 73% c. 40%, 60% d. 47%, 57% Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. % correct 86 a= 86 b= 6 c= 7 d= 1 r = .19 26. Which developed country is projected to have the steepest decline in population between now and 2050? a. the United States b. Germany c. Japan d. Canada Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 27. Which statement is true regarding population changes by country? a. Japan is projected to drop in population due to a low fertility rate. b. England is projected to grow in population due to a significant increase in total fertility rate (TFR). c. Canada is projected to increase in population due to high rates of immigration. d. The United States is projected to drop in population due to limits placed on immigration. Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 28. Which statement identifies the most significant contributing factor for the projected increase in population in the United States between now and 2050? a. The United States allows more legal immigration than other developed countries do. b. The overall fertility rate among Americans is expected to increase significantly. c. Improved technology will allow more infertile couples to give birth using in vitro fertilization techniques. d. Minorities will experience an exponential increase in fertility rates. Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 29. During your class on social problems, you, Susanne, Chen, and Jacob are having a discussion about global population rates. They all disagree on where most births take place today. However, you know that, statistically speaking, a child born today will most likely be born in __________. a. a developing country b. a developed country c. an economically wealthy country d. a high social economic status culture Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 30. What portion of the United States’ population will increase from 16% to 30% by 2050? a. African American b. Anglo American c. Asian American d. Latino Answer: d Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 31. José was born in a country where his parents make less than $2 a day and he is expected to attend grade school but not college. José was most likely born in a __________. a. developed country b. developing country c. collective culture d. individualistic culture Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. % correct 96 a= 1 b= 96 c= 3 d= 0 r = .23 32. What percent of the world’s population lives on a family income of less than $6,000 per year? a. 20% b. 40% c. 60% d. 80% Answer: d Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 33. Although economic growth has been strong for the past decade, what remains the poorest region in the world, where half of the population is in the bottom 20% of global income? a. southern Africa b. South America c. Southeast Asia d. Western Australia Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 34. __________ percent of individuals in developed countries attend college or other postsecondary training while __________ of children in developing countries complete primary school. a. Thirty; 90% b. Fifty; 80% c. Sixty; 70% d. Seventy; 60% Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 35. __________ cultures emphasize independence and self-expression, whereas __________ cultures emphasize obedience and group harmony. a. Individualistic; collectivistic b. Collectivistic; individualistic c. Developed; developing d. Developing; developed Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. % correct 92 a= 92 b= 1 c= 7 d= 0 r = .24 36. Rumi attends a university in India. Which statement is true of Rumi and his peers who attend college, university, and or post-secondary education in developing countries? a. He is likely a member of the wealthy elite. b. He is similar in socioeconomic status to most of the population. c. He represents about half of the middle class. d. He represents about one-fourth of the middle class. Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 37. Which statement is a true comparison of collectivistic and individualistic values? a. Developed countries tend to place a higher value on collectivistic values such as obedience and group harmony. b. Developing countries tend to place a higher value on individualistic values such as obedience and group harmony. c. Developed countries tend to place a higher value on individualistic values such as independence and self-expression. d. Developing countries tend to place a higher value on collectivistic values such as independence and self-expression. Answer: c Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 38. What term is used to refer to people in the rural areas of developing countries, who tend to adhere more closely to the historical aspects of their culture than do people in urban areas? a. agrarian cultures b. conventional cultures c. traditional cultures d. rural cultures Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 39. __________ is a term that refers to the increasing connections between different parts of the world in trade, travel, migration, and communication. a. Globalization b. Social media c. The Internet d. Small-world syndrome Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.2 Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries in terms of income, education, and cultural values. Topic: Variations Across Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 40. Who sets most of the norms and standards and holds most of the positions of political, economic, intellectual, and media power in most countries? a. power culture b. controlling culture c. minority culture d. majority culture Answer: d Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 41. Also referred to as a person’s social class, his or her __________ includes level of education, income, and occupational status. a. socioeconomic status b. ethnicity c. culture d. sociohistorical index Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. % correct 99 a= 99 b= 0 c= 0 d= 0 r = .22 42. In American culture, a physician spends 12 years in college and training, generally has a high income, and possesses a strong occupational status. In terms of socioeconomic status, a physician would most likely be __________. a. low SES b. middle SES c. moderate SES d. high SES Answer: d Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 43. LaWanda has a high school diploma and is currently working as a waitress but is attending school in hopes of becoming a pediatrician. Her current socioeconomic status is likely __________; however, when she becomes an established pediatrician, her socioeconomic status will be __________. a. low; high b. high; moderate c. high; low d. moderate; low Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 44. The expectations that cultures have for males and females are different from the time they are born. The degree of the difference in gender-specific expectations depends on __________. a. culture b. age c. gender d. socioeconomic status Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 45. What term describes a variety of aspects of a group that includes cultural origin, cultural traditions, race, religion, and language? a. gender b. race c. ethnicity d. age Answer: c Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 46. Kalid is an African American who was born in New York but is currently living in Alabama. When asked his political and religious beliefs, he describes himself as more similar to those who are located in the northeastern United States than those who are located in the southern part of the country. At times, his friends amuse themselves at Kalid’s expense by mocking his Brooklyn accent. The above statements are describing Kalid’s __________. a. nationality b. race c. ethnicity d. mainstream cultural group Answer: c Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 47. The environmental conditions for which a given species has evolved is called a(n) __________. a. ecology b. ecological niche c. environmental niche d. evolutionary cohort Answer: b Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: None Topic: Human Origins: The Rise of Cultural and Global Species APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 48. __________ development refers to the development of the individual in a species and __________ development refers to development of a species. a. Ontogenetic; phylogenetic b. Phylogenetic; ontogenetic c. Polygenetic; autogenetic d. Autogenetic; polygenetic Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: None Topic: Human Origins: The Rise of Cultural and Global Species APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 49. Which statement best highlights phylogenetic development? a. Jenny’s wisdom teeth erupt in late adolescence. b. Manuel gets married after he finishes college and soon has two children. c. Amalia is the top reader in her class. Last year, she struggled in this area. d. Irene has red hair. Her entire family has red hair because of a genetic mutation that has been passed down for centuries. Answer: d Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: None Topic: Human Origins: The Rise of Cultural and Global Species APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 50. In the process of __________, the young of any species are born with variations on a wide range of characteristics. Among the young, those who will be __________ until they can reproduce will be the ones whose variations are best adapted to their environment. a. social Darwinism; able to gain financial resources b. the theory of psychoanalysis; controlled by their unconscious c. natural selection; most likely to survive d. Humanistic Psychology; congruent between their different “selves” Answer: c Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 51. In his book On the Origin of Species, Charles Darwin first proposed the theory of __________. a. evolution b. social Darwinism c. psychosocial reproduction d. the unconscious id Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 52. What term describes the process in which the young of any species will be more likely to survive if they are born with variations on a wide range of characteristics that are best adapted to their environment? a. evolution b. adaptive centrism c. mutational change d. natural selection Answer: d Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 53. In a town in England, the wings of a local butterfly species had a black-and-white pattern. Over the years, as air pollution worsened in the town, a coat of black soot often covered everything. From an evolutionary perspective, which of the following is a logical sequencing? a. Butterflies became blacker because the ones with relatively more black on their wings were most likely to blend in with the sooty background. b. Butterflies became lighter because the ones with relatively more white on their wings were least likely to blend in with the sooty background. c. Butterflies became more aggressive because their behaviors were altered by the toxins that were in the black soot. d. Butterflies morphed into moths because environmental conditions triggered an unfolding of a hidden gene. Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 54. Evolutionary biologists posit that humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas had a common primate ancestor that split into three paths, leading to the development of humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas. The evolutionary line that eventually led to humans is known as the __________. a. hominin line b. Neolithic line c. Upper Paleolithic line d. amphibious line Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. % correct 100 a= 0 b= 100 c= 0 d= 0 r = .00 55. By 200,000 years ago, the early hominin species had evolved into our species, __________. a. Homo sapiens b. Hydro sapiens c. Poly sapiens d. Hetero sapiens Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 56. How much larger was the size of early Homo’s brain compared to the brains of early hominins? a. 100% b. 200% c. 55% d. 70% Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 57. Evolutionary biologists believe that the larger brains of early Homo babies were also less mature than in earlier hominins, resulting in __________. a. a greater likelihood of death at birth b. a longer time before the rest of the body could support the head in infancy c. a longer period of dependency of infants on their parents d. a greater likelihood that a baby’s head would get stuck in the pelvic opening Answer: c Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 58. Basil is working on a project for his class on human development. He is doing research on a period of time in which females cared for the young and were charged with gathering edible plants while males spent their days scavenging and hunting. What social and economic system is Basil describing? a. hunter-gatherer b. maternals-paternals c. Mexico in the 1950s d. Nigeria in the 2010s Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. 59. Compared to Homo sapiens of 200,000 years ago, present day Homo sapiens __________. a. are on average, much shorter b. have changed little in terms of physical characteristics c. eat a diet primarily composed of red meat d. have changed significantly in terms of physical characteristics Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 60. The Upper Paleolithic period was from __________. a. 5,000 to about 1,000 years ago b. 50,000 to about 10,000 years ago c. 60,000 to about 6,000 years ago d. 300,000 to about 60,000 years ago Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 61. Human art first appeared during the __________ period. a. Upper Paleolithic b. Lower Mesozoic c. Middle Cenozoic d. Lower Jurassic Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 62. It is clear that during the __________ humans began to use boats and trade with others. a. Upper Paleolithic period b. Lower Mesozoic period c. Middle Cenozoic period d. Lower Jurassic period Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 63. Which of the following tools were developed by human beings during the Upper Paleolithic period? a. the bow and arrow and the spear thrower b. the gun and canon c. the folding-blade knife and shovel d. the pistol and shotgun Answer: a Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 64. When was the Neolithic Period? a. 100,000 to 70,000 years ago b. 80,000 to 60,000 years ago c. 40,000 to 10,000 years ago d. 10,000 to 5,000 years ago Answer: d Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 65. Which period in human history experienced global temperatures that resemble the temperatures of today? a. Neolithic period b. Upper Paleolithic period c. Early Civilization period d. Monolithic period Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 66. The cultivation of plants and the domestication of animals occurred during the __________ period of human history. a. Neolithic b. Jurassic c. Paleolithic d. Monolithic Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 67. The Upper Paleolithic was the time of the last __________. a. Ice Age b. period of global warming c. devastating tsunami d. eruption of a Super Volcano Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 68. The final major historical change that provided the basis for how we live today began around 5,000 years ago with the development of __________. a. agriculture and animal husbandry b. roadways c. family units d. civilization Answer: d Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 69. __________ is characterized by cities, written language, specialization of work, and differences among people with wealth and status. a. A civilization b. The ethnicity of a group c. Nationality d. A race of people Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 70. What is the term used to describe a centralized political system that is an essential feature of a civilization? a. township b. government c. nationality d. state Answer: d Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 71. Which statement describes a characteristic of human evolutionary history and a similarity that we have with our hominin relatives and ancestors? a. Humans have especially long arms to allow them to move in trees. b. Humans have small skulls to make the birthing process easier. c. Humans have a relatively short time span during which they depend on adults. d. Humans have a relatively long period of childhood dependence on adults before reaching maturity. Answer: d Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.6 Apply information about human evolution to how human development takes place today. Topic: Human Evolution and Human Development Today APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 72. Xena wants to major in psychology and knows there are many different types of psychology. With an interest in anthropology and sociology, Xena reads about a branch of psychology that examines how patterns of human functioning and behavior have influenced characteristics such as aggressiveness and mate selection. Xena might want to consider majoring in __________. a. evolutionary psychology b. social Darwinism c. social psychology d. naturalistic psychology Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.6 Apply information about human evolution to how human development takes place today. Topic: Human Evolution and Human Development Today APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 73. Although women are capable of giving birth to at least eight children in the course of their reproductive lives, how many children do most women have today? a. 0 to 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6 or more Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.6 Apply information about human evolution to how human development takes place today. Topic: Human Evolution and Human Development Today APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 74. From an evolutionary perspective, it is believed that the human species originated in __________. a. the forests and plateaus of South America b. the plains and lowlands of North America c. the grasslands and forests of Africa d. the tundra and deciduous forests of the Arctic Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.6 Apply information about human evolution to how human development takes place today. Topic: Human Evolution and Human Development Today APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 Short Answer Questions 75. Compare and contrast features related to developed and developing countries. Answer: Developed countries are economically developed, affluent, and have high median levels of income and education. Developing countries have lower levels of income and education but may be experiencing economic growth. Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 76. What are the components of socioeconomic status (SES)? Answer: education level, income level, and occupational status Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.3 Define the term socioeconomic status (SES) and explain why SES, gender, and ethnicity are important aspects of human development within countries. Topic: Variations Within Countries APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 77. Describe two ways that Homo sapiens is different from earlier hominins and other primates. Answer: Homo sapiens females have a wider pelvis and, on average, the Homo sapiens’ brain is two times as large as that of its predecessors. Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.4 Explain the process of natural selection and trace the evolutionary origins of the human species. Topic: Our Evolutionary Beginnings APA Learning Objective: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of the content domains of psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 1 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 78. What are two characteristics that mark civilization, the final historical change that began around 5,000 years ago? Answer: 1. cities 2. writing 3. specialized kinds of work 4. differences in wealth/status 5. a centralized political system Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.5 Summarize the major changes in human cultures since the Upper Paleolithic period. Topic: The Origin of Cultures and Civilizations APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 79. Describe a research question an evolutionary psychologist might investigate. Answer: Answers will vary. An evolutionary psychologist might explore the evolutionary basis of why men rate attractiveness as more important in mate selection and women rate earning potential higher than attractiveness. Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.6 Apply information about human evolution to how human development takes place today. Topic: Human Evolution and Human Development Today APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Essay Question 80. India is the second most populous country and is projected to have more people than any other country by 2050. Describe three aspects of India’s people and/or culture. Answer: Most of India’s people live on less than two dollars a day; about half of Indian children are underweight and malnourished; less than half of Indian adolescents complete secondary school; about 50% of women and 75% of men are literate; and two-thirds of the population lives in rural areas. It is a developing country that is quickly becoming a leader in the global economy in manufacturing, telecommunications, and services. Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe how the human population has changed over the past 10,000 years and explain why the United States is following a different demographic path than other developed countries. Topic: Population Growth and Change APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 2 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 TOTAL ASSESSMENT GUIDE Chapter 1, Section 2 Human Development Today and Its Origins Learning Objective Remember the Facts Understand the Concepts Apply What You Know Analyze It Learning Objective 1.7 Multiple Choice 2, 3, 7, 11, 12 1, 5, 9, 10, 17 4, 6, 8, 14 13, 15, 16 Short Answer Essay 82 Learning Objective 1.8 Multiple Choice 19, 21, 23, 31, 32 18, 20, 22, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41 25, 26, 33, 34, 40 39 Short Answer Essay Learning Objective 1.9 Multiple Choice 45, 46, 49, 55, 58, 59 42, 44, 47, 51, 52, 53, 57 48, 50, 54, 56 43 Short Answer 78 Essay Learning Objective 1.10 Multiple Choice 61, 62, 68, 69 60, 64, 66 63, 65 67, 70 Short Answer 80 79 Essay Learning Objective 1.11 Multiple Choice 72, 73, 74 76 75, 77 71 Short Answer 81 Essay 83 Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 2 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 Section 2 Theories of Human Development Multiple Choice Questions 1. What is probably the oldest known conception of the life course, written about 3,000 years ago? a. the Dharmashastras b. the Bible c. the Koran d. the Talmud Answer: a Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 2. The Dharmashastras, the sacred law books of the Hindu religion, divide the life span into __________. a. two stages, each of which lasts 50 years b. three stages, each of which lasts 25 years c. four stages, each of which lasts 25 years d. six stages, each of which lasts 30 years Answer: c Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 3. Which of the following is a correct order for a man’s life stages as described by the Dharmashastras? a. forest dweller, apprentice, householder, and renunciant b. householder, apprentice, renunciant, and forest dweller c. renunciant, forest dweller, householder, and apprentice d. apprentice, householder, forest dweller, and renunciant Answer: d Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 2 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 4. Aadit is in his early teens and is dependent on his parents. As he grows up and learns the skills necessary for adult life, he will move forward and become independent. According to the Dharmashastras, the sacred law books of the Hindu religion, Aadit is in the __________ stage. a. apprentice b. householder c. forest dweller d. renunciant Answer: a Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 5. From the Dharmashastras, at which of the following stages are people supposed to begin to withdraw from worldly attachments? This means an end to sexual life, a decline in work responsibilities, and the beginning of a transfer of household responsibilities to the sons of the family. a. apprentice stage b. householder stage c. forest dweller stage d. renunciant stage Answer: c Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 6. Yuthika is 42 years old, married, and the father of three children. He is considered the head of the household and has many responsibilities. Beyond taking care of his own children, he is also responsible for taking care of his elderly parents. According to the Dharmashastras, the sacred law books of the Hindu religion, Yuthika is in the __________ stage. a. apprentice b. householder c. forest dweller d. renunciant Answer: b Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. Arnett/Jensen, Human Development, 3e Chapter 1, Section 2 Copyright © 2019, 2016, 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 7. According to the Dharmashastras, the sacred law books of the Hindu religion, an individual who is 45 years old is in the __________ stage. a. apprentice b. householder c. forest dweller d. renunciant Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 8. Kunal just celebrated his 75th birthday. According to the sacred law books of the Hindu religion, what is the purpose of life for an individual who is 75 years old or older and in the renunciant stage? a. to withdraw from the world b. to prepare for the end of life and entry into the next c. to embrace the world and gain material possessions to pass to the next generation d. to reach the highest level of spirituality Answer: b Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 1.7 Compare and contrast three ancient conceptions of development through the life span. Topic: Conceptions of Development in Three Traditions APA Learning Objective: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 9.