PSYCHOLOGY 101 EXAM 1 LATEST VERSION GRADED A+

PSYCHOLOGY 101 EXAM 1 LATEST VERSION GRADED A+ Define science of Psychology Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and mental process Empiricism Belief that knowledge comes exclusively through the senses or through experience Pseudoscience A fake or false science that makes claims based on little or no scientific evidence. Case Study An in-depth examination of one individual, or a small number of individuals The Survey An investigation of many cases in less depth by asking people to report opinions and behaviours Naturalistic observation recording behaviour in its natural environments, and describing it in detail Experimentation Purpose is to explore cause and effect by manipulating one or more factors, while holding other factors constant independent variable The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied (i.e if you are testing if breastfeeding kids has a difference or not in their intelligence later in life, the independent variable is breast milk and formula) Dependent Variable The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable. Difference between Descriptive and correlational research methods Descriptive research method is to observe and record behaviour. Correlational research method is to detect naturally occurring relationships . Nothing is manipulated in these two research methods. Biological Psychology The basic assumption that everything psychological is biological Phrenology A popular but wronged theory in the 1800's that claimed that bumps on the skull could reveal mental abilities and character traits.