i
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK DIAGRAMS ................................................................................................................................................. 1
BASICS ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
PRELIMINARY SCHEDULE ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
PERT .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
RELATED ACTIVITIES............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
NETWORK DIAGRAMS......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
How to do a network diagram ...........................................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 7: CRASHING A PROJECT .............................................................................................................................................. 6
BASICS ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6
Reasons to crash...............................................................................................................................................................................................6
Alternatives to crashing .............................................................................................................................................................................6
CRASHING ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1. Determine the slope and max crash ............................................................................................................................ 7
2. Determine all paths and their lengths ........................................................................................................................ 7
3. Crash activities.......................................................................................................................................................................................8
4. Complete the crash table .........................................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 8: PROJECT EXECUTION, MONITOR, CONTROL ............................................................................................... 9
PROJECT EXECUTION .........................................................................................................................................................................................................9
Status report ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................9
PROJECT BUDGET ................................................................................................................................................................................................................9
PROJECT MONITORING AND CONTROL................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Project control process............................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Earned Value Management (EVM) ................................................................................................................................................ 11
EVM process .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
CHANGE CONTROL ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
ETHICS ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER 9: PROJECT CLOSURE ................................................................................................................................................... 14
ii
, PROJECT CLOSURE ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
PROJECT CLOSURE REPORT .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
The need for a clear end ........................................................................................................................................................................ 16
Premature closure.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
PROJECT HANDOVER ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
BENEFITS REALISATION ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
FOLLOW-ON ACTIONS .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
FORMAL SIGN OFF.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18
PROJECT EVALUATION ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
Dimensions of project success ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 10: PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................................................... 20
PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT CYCLE...................................................................................................................................................................... 20
CHAPTER 11: STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................................... 24
STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT PROCESS ............................................................................................................................................................... 24
Salience model of classification .................................................................................................................................................. 24
Role-based classification .................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Bottoms-up classification ................................................................................................................................................................... 25
CONFLICT BETWEEN STAKEHOLDERS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Functional conflict ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
Dysfunctional conflict ............................................................................................................................................................................... 26
CHAPTER 12: PROJECT COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................................................ 27
STRUCTURE OF PROJECT COMMUNICATION....................................................................................................................................................... 27
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 27
FOUNDATIONS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
7-38-55 rule of personal communication ........................................................................................................................ 28
Communication mediums ................................................................................................................................................................. 28
MEETINGS ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
Purpose of meetings ................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
Types of meetings........................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
iii
, Effective meetings........................................................................................................................................................................................ 30
PROJECT DOCUMENTS.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
CHAPTER 14: CHANGE MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 31
ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
CHANGE CLASSIFICATION ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 31
CHANGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS ...........................................................................................................................................................................32
ROLE PLAYERS IN CHANGE ............................................................................................................................................................................................32
Internal .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................32
External ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
CHANGE PSYCHOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 33
Reactions to change ................................................................................................................................................................................. 33
Resistance to change .............................................................................................................................................................................. 34
CHANGE COMMUNICATION ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Who? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 35
CHANGE SUCCESS.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
CHAPTER 15: LEADERSHIP .................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Key elements in leadership................................................................................................................................................................ 36
Management vs. leadership ............................................................................................................................................................. 36
THE PROJECT MANAGER ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
LEADERSHIP APPROACHES ............................................................................................................................................................................................37
Leadership traits ..............................................................................................................................................................................................37
Leadership types.............................................................................................................................................................................................37
PROJECT MANAGER VS. PROJECT LEADER........................................................................................................................................................... 39
PROJECT TEAM LEADERSHIP ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 39
CHAPTER 16: PROGRAMME & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................... 40
PROGRAMME...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Relationship or dependency ............................................................................................................................................................ 40
Coordination....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Benefits ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
iv
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 5: NETWORK DIAGRAMS ................................................................................................................................................. 1
BASICS ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
PRELIMINARY SCHEDULE ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
PERT .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
RELATED ACTIVITIES............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
NETWORK DIAGRAMS......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
How to do a network diagram ...........................................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 7: CRASHING A PROJECT .............................................................................................................................................. 6
BASICS ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6
Reasons to crash...............................................................................................................................................................................................6
Alternatives to crashing .............................................................................................................................................................................6
CRASHING ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1. Determine the slope and max crash ............................................................................................................................ 7
2. Determine all paths and their lengths ........................................................................................................................ 7
3. Crash activities.......................................................................................................................................................................................8
4. Complete the crash table .........................................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 8: PROJECT EXECUTION, MONITOR, CONTROL ............................................................................................... 9
PROJECT EXECUTION .........................................................................................................................................................................................................9
Status report ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................9
PROJECT BUDGET ................................................................................................................................................................................................................9
PROJECT MONITORING AND CONTROL................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Project control process............................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Earned Value Management (EVM) ................................................................................................................................................ 11
EVM process .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
CHANGE CONTROL ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
ETHICS ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER 9: PROJECT CLOSURE ................................................................................................................................................... 14
ii
, PROJECT CLOSURE ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
PROJECT CLOSURE REPORT .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
The need for a clear end ........................................................................................................................................................................ 16
Premature closure.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
PROJECT HANDOVER ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
BENEFITS REALISATION ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
FOLLOW-ON ACTIONS .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
FORMAL SIGN OFF.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18
PROJECT EVALUATION ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
Dimensions of project success ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 10: PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................................................... 20
PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT CYCLE...................................................................................................................................................................... 20
CHAPTER 11: STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................................... 24
STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT PROCESS ............................................................................................................................................................... 24
Salience model of classification .................................................................................................................................................. 24
Role-based classification .................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Bottoms-up classification ................................................................................................................................................................... 25
CONFLICT BETWEEN STAKEHOLDERS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Functional conflict ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
Dysfunctional conflict ............................................................................................................................................................................... 26
CHAPTER 12: PROJECT COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................................................ 27
STRUCTURE OF PROJECT COMMUNICATION....................................................................................................................................................... 27
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 27
FOUNDATIONS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
7-38-55 rule of personal communication ........................................................................................................................ 28
Communication mediums ................................................................................................................................................................. 28
MEETINGS ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
Purpose of meetings ................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
Types of meetings........................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
iii
, Effective meetings........................................................................................................................................................................................ 30
PROJECT DOCUMENTS.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
CHAPTER 14: CHANGE MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 31
ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
CHANGE CLASSIFICATION ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 31
CHANGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS ...........................................................................................................................................................................32
ROLE PLAYERS IN CHANGE ............................................................................................................................................................................................32
Internal .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................32
External ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
CHANGE PSYCHOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 33
Reactions to change ................................................................................................................................................................................. 33
Resistance to change .............................................................................................................................................................................. 34
CHANGE COMMUNICATION ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Who? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 35
CHANGE SUCCESS.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
CHAPTER 15: LEADERSHIP .................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Key elements in leadership................................................................................................................................................................ 36
Management vs. leadership ............................................................................................................................................................. 36
THE PROJECT MANAGER ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
LEADERSHIP APPROACHES ............................................................................................................................................................................................37
Leadership traits ..............................................................................................................................................................................................37
Leadership types.............................................................................................................................................................................................37
PROJECT MANAGER VS. PROJECT LEADER........................................................................................................................................................... 39
PROJECT TEAM LEADERSHIP ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 39
CHAPTER 16: PROGRAMME & PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................... 40
PROGRAMME...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Relationship or dependency ............................................................................................................................................................ 40
Coordination....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Benefits ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
iv
