Med Surg Exam 2 Respiratory Questions with Correct Answers

Which of the following is part of the respiratory tract? Choose all that apply. A. Bronchi B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Sinuses Correct Answer A. Bronchi B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Sinuses Because the pressure of CO2 is higher in the blood vessels than the pressure of CO2 in the lungs, the CO2 moves from the blood to the lungs. True False Correct Answer True Which of the following would cause the medulla oblongata to increase the respiratory rate? A. Too much oxygen in blood stream B. Too much carbon dioxide in blood stream C. Decrease in metabolic needs Correct Answer B. Too much carbon dioxide in blood stream The functional unit of the respiratory system is _______? Correct Answer alveoli A patient with acute shortness of breath is admitted to the hospital. Which action should the nurse take during the initial assessment of the patient? A. Complete a full physical examination to determine the systemic effect of the respiratory distress. B. Obtain a comprehensive health history to determine the extent of any prior respiratory problems. C. Delay the physical assessment and ask family members about any history of respiratory problems. D. Perform a respiratory system assessment and ask specific questions about this episode of respiratory distress. Correct Answer D. Perform a respiratory system assessment and ask specific questions about this episode of respiratory distress. On auscultation of a patient's lungs, you hear short, high-pitched sounds during exhalation in the lower 1/3 of both lungs. You should record this finding as A. expiratory crackles at the bases. B. expiratory wheezes in both lungs. C. abnormal lung sounds in the bases of both lungs. D. pleural friction rub in the right and left lower lobes. Correct Answer B. expiratory wheezes in both lungs. Wheezes are high-pitched sounds. In this case they are heard during the expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle. Abnormal breath sounds are either bronchial or bronchovesicular sounds heard in the peripheral lung fields. Crackles are low-pitched, "bubbling" sounds. Pleural friction rubs are grating sounds that are usually heard during both inspiration and expiration You palpate the posterior chest while the patient says "99" and note that no vibration is felt. How should this be charted? A. Diminished expansion B. Dullness to percussion C. Absent tactile fremitus D. Decreased breath sounds Correct Answer C. Absent tactile fremitus To assess for tactile fremitus, the nurse should use the palms of the hands to assess for vibration when the patient repeats a word or phrase such as "99." Different techniques are used to assess for dullness to percussion, decreased breath sounds, and diminished expansion. When auscultating a patient's chest while the patient takes a deep breath, you hear loud, high-pitched, "blowing" sounds at both lung bases. You will document these as A. normal sounds. B. vesicular sounds. C. abnormal sounds D. adventitious sounds Correct Answer C. abnormal sounds The description indicates that you hear bronchial breath sounds that are abnormal when heard at the lung base. Adventitious sounds are extra breath sounds such as crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, and friction rubs. Vesicular sounds are low-pitched, soft sounds heard over all lung areas except the major bronchi. Which of the following respiratory physiological changes occur as a result of aging? A. Increase elastic recoil B. Decrease functioning alveoli C. Increase cough force D. Increase response to high CO2 level Correct Answer B. Decrease functioning alveoli