Unit 10 - J Immunity

AS LEVEL
B I O LO GY

,11 Immunity ............................................................3

11.1 The immune system .....................................................3
Cells of the immune system ...........................................3
Defense against disease .............................................12

Autoimmune diseases - a case of mistaken identity .......14
11.2 Antibodies and vaccination .......................................16
Monoclonal antibodies...............................................18
Active and passive immunity .......................................21

, 11 I M M U N I T Y
An understanding of the immune system shows how cells and molecules fun
to protect the body against infectious diseases and how the body is protect
infection by the same pathogen. Phagocytosis is a more immediate non-spe
immune system, while the actions of lymphocytes provide effective defence
pathogens.


Candidates will be expected to use the knowledge gained in this section to
in familiar and unfamiliar contexts.



11 . 1 T H E I M M U N E S Y S T
The immune system has non-specific and specific responses to pathogens. A
diseases are the result of failures in the system to distinguish between self a


LEARNING OUTCOMES

C ANDIDATES SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

A. state that phagocytes (macrophages and neutrophils) have their origin
and describe their mode of action


Cells of the immune system

- Cells of the immune system originate from bone marrow; there are two gr
cells involved in defense:

I. phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages)

II. lymphocytes.

- All of these cells are visible among red blood cells when a blood smear is s