HESI Random test bank questions

What are the three main parts of a human body cell? - plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus The three main components of the lipid bilayer portion of a plasma membrane are - phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids What are the nonpolar parts of phospholipids? - fatty acid tail groups Which of the following is the transport process by which gases, like O2 and CO2, move through a membrane? - simple diffusion In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane - facilitated diffusion SAYS NOTHING ABOUT ATP What transport process uses the energy stored in a Na+ or H+ concentration gradient to drive other substances across the membrane against their own concentration gradients? - secondary active transport what is a pseudopod? - extensions of the plasma membrane of the phagocyte that eventually surround the particle forming a phagosome Most intravenous solutions are _____ with respect to blood cells? - isotonic The difference in concentration of a specific chemical, like Na+, on the inside and outside of a plasma membrane is referred as a(n) - concentration gradient The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the - epimysium Contraction of myofibrils within a muscle fiber begins when - Contraction of myofibrils within a muscle fiber begins when Which correctly lists the sequence of structures that action potentials must move through to excite skeletal muscle contraction? - axon of neuron, sarcolemma, T tubule Which functions as a motor protein in all three types of muscle tissue? - myosin What energizes the myosin head? - ATP hydrolysis reaction Which ATP production would be sufficient to run in place for one minute? - anaerobic cellular respiration A brief contraction of all muscle fibers in a motor unit in response to a single action potential moving down the somatic motor neuron is known as - twitch contraction Why would cardiac muscles have longer refractory periods than skeletal muscles? - to preserve the normal rhythm of the heart and prevent fatigue World class shot-putters will have a higher percentage of ______in their arm muscles. - fast glycolytic fibers