, Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care, 4th Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 1: The History of Mental Health Care
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the
irrational soul could be compared with the belief of the more recent psychological
theorist:
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and
outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as
human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale
nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book,
Diseases of the Mind.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 5 | Page 6
OBJ: 2 TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. If a person’s behaviors interfere with daily activities, impair her judgment, or alter her
perception of reality, this person is considered to be:
a. Confused
b. Disoriented
c. Mentally healthy
d. Mentally ill
ANS: D
Mentally ill individuals cannot perform activities of daily living easily, nor do they have
good judgment or perceive things realistically. Confused and disoriented people differ
from mentally ill people in that they typically are not oriented to who they are, where
they are, or the general time frame. Mentally healthy individuals are able to perform
activities of daily living, to problem solve, and to adapt to change, and they are in touch
with reality.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 1 OBJ: 1
TOP: Mental Illness KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-2
3. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately
recorded by professionals. This practice led to ______________ for different abnormal
behaviors.
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of
more accurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and
any education regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 3 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of
medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital
director:
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment.
Dorothea Dix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote
the book, A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s
Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
5. In 1841, _______________ surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the
United States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public awareness
and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
ANS: D
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and
is credited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced
the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment
of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-3
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. As a direct result of Clifford Beers’ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the
Committee for Mental Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on prevention of mental
illness and:
a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness
b. Education of caregivers
c. Current treatment options
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness
ANS: D
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care
he received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the
consciousness of people throughout the country regarding prevention and removal of the
stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers,
and current treatment options regarding mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor
were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the early 1900s, the neurophysiologist Sigmund Freud is credited with introducing
which concept?
a.Psychoanalysis
b.Insanity
c.Lunacy
d.Mental illness
ANS: A
Psychoanalysis is the observation of and theory behind how mental illness occurs.
Insanity, lunacy, and mental illness are terms that are considered synonyms.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 5
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a
coma that could last as long as 50 hours?
a.Electroconvulsive therapy
b.Insulin therapy
c.Humoral therapy
d.Amphetamine therapy
ANS: B
Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Test Bank
Chapter 1: The History of Mental Health Care
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the
irrational soul could be compared with the belief of the more recent psychological
theorist:
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A
Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and
outside the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as
human beings in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale
nurse who cared for the mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book,
Diseases of the Mind.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 5 | Page 6
OBJ: 2 TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. If a person’s behaviors interfere with daily activities, impair her judgment, or alter her
perception of reality, this person is considered to be:
a. Confused
b. Disoriented
c. Mentally healthy
d. Mentally ill
ANS: D
Mentally ill individuals cannot perform activities of daily living easily, nor do they have
good judgment or perceive things realistically. Confused and disoriented people differ
from mentally ill people in that they typically are not oriented to who they are, where
they are, or the general time frame. Mentally healthy individuals are able to perform
activities of daily living, to problem solve, and to adapt to change, and they are in touch
with reality.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 1 OBJ: 1
TOP: Mental Illness KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-2
3. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately
recorded by professionals. This practice led to ______________ for different abnormal
behaviors.
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A
Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of
more accurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and
any education regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 3 OBJ: 3
TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
4. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of
medicine, and inhumane treatment was greatly diminished by the French hospital
director:
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: C
Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment.
Dorothea Dix crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote
the book, A Mind That Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s
Commission on Mental Health in 1978.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 4 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
5. In 1841, _______________ surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the
United States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about public awareness
and reform for the care of the mentally ill.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. John Cade
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Dorothea Dix
ANS: D
Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and
is credited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced
the concept of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment
of bipolar disorder, and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
, Test Bank 1-3
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
6. As a direct result of Clifford Beers’ work and book, A Mind That Found Itself, the
Committee for Mental Hygiene was formed in 1909 with a focus on prevention of mental
illness and:
a. Early detection of symptoms of mental illness
b. Education of caregivers
c. Current treatment options
d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness
ANS: D
Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care
he received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the
consciousness of people throughout the country regarding prevention and removal of the
stigma of having a mental illness. Early detection of symptoms, education of caregivers,
and current treatment options regarding mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor
were they a priority for the Committee for Mental Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 4
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. In the early 1900s, the neurophysiologist Sigmund Freud is credited with introducing
which concept?
a.Psychoanalysis
b.Insanity
c.Lunacy
d.Mental illness
ANS: A
Psychoanalysis is the observation of and theory behind how mental illness occurs.
Insanity, lunacy, and mental illness are terms that are considered synonyms.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 5 OBJ: 5
TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
8. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a
coma that could last as long as 50 hours?
a.Electroconvulsive therapy
b.Insulin therapy
c.Humoral therapy
d.Amphetamine therapy
ANS: B
Mosby items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
