PNB 2265 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024/2025 with complete solution

PNB 2265 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024/2025 with complete solution what type of tissue is blood? what is it made up of? - answerconnective tissue -plasma formed elements (platelets, cells (WBCs and RBCs)) what are the physical properties of blood (including the pH) - answermostly water (plasma) neutral pH (7.4) functions of blood - answertransport nutrients, water, gasses (O2 and CO2) regulation -pH - osmolarity (b/c mostly H2O) -temperature - fluid loss (injury/ clotting) protection- blood is a component of the immune system what proportion of blood should the plasma take up? what about the formed elements? - answerplasma- 46-63% formed elements: 37-54% what is the composition of plasma? - answerproteins water few other solutes (water soluble) what are 2 ways to measure the amount of RBCs in the blood? - answercomplete blood count hematocrit hematocrit (HCT) - answerthe ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood (expressed as %) put a tube of blood in the centrifuge and it will separate into plasma, buffy coat (with WBCs and platelets), and RBCs in comparison to women, the HCT of men is typically - answerhigher complete blood count (CBC) - answercomprehensive blood test that includes red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), and platelet count shows MCV and MCH what is MCV - answermean corpuscular volume- the size of the RBCs what is the most abundant formed element? what about the least - answererythrocytes (RBCs) least= leukocytes (WBCs) what are the different types of leukocytes - answerneutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes how does HIV work? - answerthe virus attacks helper T lymphocytes, weakening the immune system and making affected individuals susceptible to other diseases can you diagnose HIV based on a CBC - answerno. the amount of WBCs found on a slide and analyzed during a CBC is so small that you can't estimate the proportion in the body - if a CBC shows a small number or normal number of WBCs, that can't determine anything how can you diagnose HIV? - answerCBC and differential (diff) - this tells you the amount of each type of WBC -gives a little more info than just a CBC what is the most abundant protein in red blood cells? - answerhemoglobin (70-95% of RBC by mass) characteristics of RBCs - answerbiconca