, CHAPTER ONE: THE SCIENCE OF MIND –
THE DISCIPLINE OF PSYCHOLOGY
Related Questions
Learning Objective
Multiple Essay
1. Explain the subject matter that psychologists study, addressing the meaning of mind 1-11
and psychology’s role as a hub science.
2. Analyze the respective contributions of philosophy and the physical sciences as the 12-39 1
“roots” of modern psychology.
3. Compare and contrast the early movements in psychology – structuralism, Gestalt
40-87 2
psychology, functionalism, behaviorism, psychodynamic theory, and humanism – in
terms of leading figures, core principles, and contribution to modern psychology.
4. Differentiate the seven major perspectives of modern mainstream psychology in 88-106 3
terms of typical research questions, research methods, and focal causes of behavior.
5. Analyze the ways in which the seven major perspectives can be integrated to address 107-112
a single psychological problem or topic.
6. Explain why psychology’s role as a “hub science” allows psychologists to pursue a 113-121
wide range of career paths in terms of professional specialties and research areas.
Chapter One: The Science of Mind - The Discipline of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following best describes the mind?
a. The basis of rational thought c. The embodiment of the soul
b. The hidden instinctual self d. The brain and its activities
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
2. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes is called ____.
a. introspection c. behaviorism
b. psychology d. functionalism
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
3. The word psychology is a combination of two Greek words: psyche (or psuche), meaning the soul, and
logos, meaning the ____.
a. law of c. study of
b. expression of d. representation of
The Science of Mind – The Discipline of Psychology 1
, ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
4. Rosa, a doctoral student in psychology, observes that one of her young study participants grimaces
after taking a bite of broccoli. His facial expression is an example of ____.
a. a psychosomatic response c. an integrated mental process
b. a behavior d. introspection
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
5. Although the bulk of psychology focuses on human behavior, studying animal behavior has been an
essential part of the discipline that allows for ____.
a. making essential comparisons with humans
b. understanding animal-human interactions
c. understanding behavior from an evolutionary standpoint
d. designing better psychoanalytical therapies
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
6. A doctor notices that many soldiers returning from fighting in the trenches in World War I were highly
anxious, fearful of loud noises, and having difficulty reconnecting with their families. He asks them to
record personal observations of their own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a journal. This process is
called ____.
a. extroversion c. objectivism
b. transference d. introspection
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
7. It is difficult for others to confirm an individual’s subjective introspections; therefore, this approach
does not lend itself well to ____.
a. psychoanalysis c. case studies
b. the scientific method d. cognitive therapy
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
8. Over the last 30 years, new methods have allowed psychologists to observe brain activity and revisit
questions of mental processes. What element have these methods introduced to psychological
research?
a. objectivity c. generalizability
b. subjectivity d. conclusiveness
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
2 Chapter One
, 9. Kevin Boyack and his colleagues generated a map of the sciences, similar to a map of friendship
networks on social media, by using ____.
a. the number of doctoral dissertations in each field
b. the titles of journal articles
c. reference lists in journal articles
d. search terms related to psychology
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
10. The mapping done by Boyack and colleagues shows that psychology is one of the major hub sciences,
with strong connections to ____.
a. the medical sciences, the social sciences, and education
b. the humanities, education, and the medical sciences
c. the social sciences, the medical sciences, and the humanities
d. the medical sciences, education, and philosophy
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
11. Psychology as a hub science tells us that ____.
a. psychological research is well-funded
b. the general population is intrigued by the study of human behavior
c. psychology is one of the oldest disciplines
d. many disciplines require an in-depth understanding of people
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: What is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
12. As a discipline, psychology dates back to ____.
a. ancient Greece c. the Renaissance era
b. the Roman Empire d. the 1870s
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Remember
REF: What Are Psychology's Roots? OBJ: LO2
13. The psychology family tree includes two major roots: ____.
a. biology and philosophy c. anthropology and physics
b. medicine and the social sciences d. philosophy and the physical sciences
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Understand
REF: What Are Psychology's Roots? OBJ: LO2
14. The discipline that systematically examines basic concepts, including the source of knowledge, is
called ____.
The Science of Mind – The Discipline of Psychology 3
THE DISCIPLINE OF PSYCHOLOGY
Related Questions
Learning Objective
Multiple Essay
1. Explain the subject matter that psychologists study, addressing the meaning of mind 1-11
and psychology’s role as a hub science.
2. Analyze the respective contributions of philosophy and the physical sciences as the 12-39 1
“roots” of modern psychology.
3. Compare and contrast the early movements in psychology – structuralism, Gestalt
40-87 2
psychology, functionalism, behaviorism, psychodynamic theory, and humanism – in
terms of leading figures, core principles, and contribution to modern psychology.
4. Differentiate the seven major perspectives of modern mainstream psychology in 88-106 3
terms of typical research questions, research methods, and focal causes of behavior.
5. Analyze the ways in which the seven major perspectives can be integrated to address 107-112
a single psychological problem or topic.
6. Explain why psychology’s role as a “hub science” allows psychologists to pursue a 113-121
wide range of career paths in terms of professional specialties and research areas.
Chapter One: The Science of Mind - The Discipline of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following best describes the mind?
a. The basis of rational thought c. The embodiment of the soul
b. The hidden instinctual self d. The brain and its activities
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
2. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes is called ____.
a. introspection c. behaviorism
b. psychology d. functionalism
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
3. The word psychology is a combination of two Greek words: psyche (or psuche), meaning the soul, and
logos, meaning the ____.
a. law of c. study of
b. expression of d. representation of
The Science of Mind – The Discipline of Psychology 1
, ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
4. Rosa, a doctoral student in psychology, observes that one of her young study participants grimaces
after taking a bite of broccoli. His facial expression is an example of ____.
a. a psychosomatic response c. an integrated mental process
b. a behavior d. introspection
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
5. Although the bulk of psychology focuses on human behavior, studying animal behavior has been an
essential part of the discipline that allows for ____.
a. making essential comparisons with humans
b. understanding animal-human interactions
c. understanding behavior from an evolutionary standpoint
d. designing better psychoanalytical therapies
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
6. A doctor notices that many soldiers returning from fighting in the trenches in World War I were highly
anxious, fearful of loud noises, and having difficulty reconnecting with their families. He asks them to
record personal observations of their own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a journal. This process is
called ____.
a. extroversion c. objectivism
b. transference d. introspection
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
7. It is difficult for others to confirm an individual’s subjective introspections; therefore, this approach
does not lend itself well to ____.
a. psychoanalysis c. case studies
b. the scientific method d. cognitive therapy
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
8. Over the last 30 years, new methods have allowed psychologists to observe brain activity and revisit
questions of mental processes. What element have these methods introduced to psychological
research?
a. objectivity c. generalizability
b. subjectivity d. conclusiveness
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
2 Chapter One
, 9. Kevin Boyack and his colleagues generated a map of the sciences, similar to a map of friendship
networks on social media, by using ____.
a. the number of doctoral dissertations in each field
b. the titles of journal articles
c. reference lists in journal articles
d. search terms related to psychology
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
10. The mapping done by Boyack and colleagues shows that psychology is one of the major hub sciences,
with strong connections to ____.
a. the medical sciences, the social sciences, and education
b. the humanities, education, and the medical sciences
c. the social sciences, the medical sciences, and the humanities
d. the medical sciences, education, and philosophy
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: What Is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
11. Psychology as a hub science tells us that ____.
a. psychological research is well-funded
b. the general population is intrigued by the study of human behavior
c. psychology is one of the oldest disciplines
d. many disciplines require an in-depth understanding of people
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: What is Psychology?
OBJ: LO1
12. As a discipline, psychology dates back to ____.
a. ancient Greece c. the Renaissance era
b. the Roman Empire d. the 1870s
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Remember
REF: What Are Psychology's Roots? OBJ: LO2
13. The psychology family tree includes two major roots: ____.
a. biology and philosophy c. anthropology and physics
b. medicine and the social sciences d. philosophy and the physical sciences
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Understand
REF: What Are Psychology's Roots? OBJ: LO2
14. The discipline that systematically examines basic concepts, including the source of knowledge, is
called ____.
The Science of Mind – The Discipline of Psychology 3
