WALDEN UNIVERSITY NURS 6521 FINALS ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY Exam Elaborations Questions with Answers Graded A

The nurse practitioner orders Amoxicillin 500 mg tid? What is the total amount of medication patient will take per day? Selected Answer: 1500 mg A 72-year-old patient is prescribed ophthalmic ciprofloxacin for a bacterial infection in her right eye. The nurse will teach her to observe for which of the following adverse effects of the drug? Selected Answer: Lid margin crusting and pruritus A patient is to begin taking tobramycin (Nebcin) for a nosocomial infection. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize? Selected Answer: The peak and trough blood levels A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 64-year-old female patient who is receiving IV heparin and reports bleeding from her gums. The nurse checks the patient's laboratory test results and finds that she has a very high aPTT. The nurse anticipates that which of the following drugs may be ordered? Selected Answer: Protamine sulfate A patient asks the nurse practitioner about food sources such as soybeans and soy products. The nurse practitioner understands that these foods are considered Selected Answer: phytoestrogens. An immunocompromised cancer patient has developed cryptococcal meningitis and been admitted to the intensive care unit for treatment with amphotericin B. How should the nurse most safely administer this drug? Selected Answer: Infuse the drug over 2 to 4 hours into a central line using an infusion pump The clinical nurse educator who oversees the emergency department in a children's hospital has launched an awareness program aimed at reducing drug errors. What measure addresses the most common cause of incorrect doses in the care of infants and children? Selected Answer: Having nurses check their math calculations with a colleague before administering a drug. A female patient is taking filgrastim (Neupogen) to decrease the incidence of infection. The nurse notices a small increase in the neutrophil count 2 days after starting therapy. The nurse's evaluation of the increase is that Selected Answer: the increase in the neutrophil count is only transient. A nurse practitioner has administered filgrastim to a diverse group of patients in recent months. Which of the following patients should the nurse observe for extremely elevated white blood cell counts following administration of the drug? Selected Answer: A 19-year-old male receiving radiotherapy A man is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a sexually transmitted infection. The nurse will instruct the patient to Selected Answer: complete the entire course of drug therapy. Morphine has been prescribed for a 28-year-old man with severe pain due to a back injury. The nurse will advise the patient to avoid Selected Answer: alcohol. A pregnant patient asks the Nurse Practitioner what over-the-counter medication she can take for recurring headaches. The nurse should recommend Selected Answer: tylenol. After 6 months of unsuccessfully trying to conceive, a 31-year-old woman and her husband have sought a referral to a fertility specialist in order to explore their options. A nurse at the clinic should recognize that the woman may benefit from Selected Answer: clomiphene. A 5-year-old boy needs an IM injection. The least painful and most effective injection site would be the Selected Answer: ventrogluteal muscle. A woman is receiving prolonged drug therapy during her complicated pregnancy, and it may pose a risk to both the mother and the fetus. The primary care physician has made dosage adjustments to minimize adverse effects and prevent toxicity. The nurse should make sure Selected Answer: that serum levels of the drug are being monitored. A 34-year-old male has been diagnosed with TB and will be started on INH therapy. The medication history reveals that he currently takes antacids on a regular basis. The nurse will instruct the patient to take Selected Answer: antacids not less than 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking INH. The recommended treatment for trichomoniasis is Selected Answer: Flagyl. A Nurse Practitioner is explaining to a pregnant 21-year-old college student why she cannot continue to take ibuprofen (Advil) for her headaches. The nurse draws a picture depicting drug molecules crossing the placental membrane and entering into the fetal circulation. The nurse tells the patient that the main reason this happens is because Selected Answer: drugs compete with the hormones of pregnancy for albumin- binding sites. A patient has completed 4 weeks of treatment with epoetin alfa. Which of the following assessment findings would most strongly indicate that treatment has been effective? Selected Answer: The patient's hemoglobin level is 11 g/dL A 29-year-old pregnant patient is extremely upset about having to take medication for a pre-existing medical condition. She is consumed with fear that her baby will be born with a physical deformity or a congenital anomaly but knows that she has to take the medication. She talks constantly about this and is unable to sleep most nights. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient is? Selected Answer: Anxiety related to perceived danger of drug therapy to fetus or infant A male patient is trying to decide if he should use finasteride (Proscar) to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). When providing information about the drug, the nurse will include which of the following as a risk associated with finasteride therapy? Selected Answer: Prostatic neoplasia A 71-year-old man has just been prescribed finasteride (Proscar). Which of the following complaints by this patient most likely indicated a need for this drug? Selected Answer: "Lately, I have to get up three or four times a night to go to the bathroom." A 6-month-old child has developed skin irritation due to an allergic reaction. He has been prescribed a topical skin ointment. The nurse will consider which of the following before administering the drug? Selected Answer: That the infant's skin has greater permeability than that of an adult A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 46-year-old female patient who is taking paclitaxel for ovarian cancer. Two or three days after the infusion of the drug, the nurse must closely monitor for which of the following? Selected Answer: Neurotoxicity A Nurse Practitioner will monitor which of the following when assigned to a patient taking allopurinol for chronic gout who visits the clinic every 2 months? Selected Answer: Liver function tests A patient has acquired primary hypogonadism and has been prescribed testosterone transdermal (Androderm) patches. When educating the patient on how to administer the drug, the nurse will instruct him to Selected Answer: place the patch on the back, abdomen, upper arms, or thighs. A Nurse Practitioner is performing patient education for a woman who has just been prescribed a bisphosphonate. Which of the following diagnostic and history findings would have prompted the woman's care provider to prescribe a bisphosphonate? Selected Answer: Low bone density and a family history of osteoporosis