BIOD 121 PORTAGE NUTRITION LEARNING MOD 3 VERRIFIED

BIOD 121 PORTAGE NUTRITION LEARNING MOD 3 VERRIFIED Energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER-a state when one's energy intake is equivalent to the amount of energy expended Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through basic body functions + exercise - CORRECT ANSWER-energy balance positive energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER-occurs if more calories (energy) are consumed than expended examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy balance state: - CORRECT ANSWERpregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts 1 pound in a week is equivalent to : - CORRECT ANSWER-500 extra calories a day Hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWER-an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring during periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWER-an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout adulthood Negative energy balance - CORRECT ANSWER-occurs if fewer calories are consumed than calories expended Examples of negative energy balance situations: - CORRECT ANSWER-during illness or trauma, major burn injury, intentional act such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal Our sole source of energy intake is from: - CORRECT ANSWER-food and beverages Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________, and _________________ - CORRECT ANSWER-basal metabolism, the thermic effect of food, and thermogenesis Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________ - CORRECT ANSWER-physical activity (aka exercise) Two major components of energy expenditure are: - CORRECT ANSWER-basal metabolic rate and physical activity Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - CORRECT ANSWER-the number of calories used by the body while in a fasting state and accounts for approximately 60-70% of energy expenditure BMR varies by person based on factors such as: - CORRECT ANSWER-gender, lean body mass, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activities, levels of caffeine intake, and tobacco use BMR males: - CORRECT ANSWER-1 kcal/kg/hour BMR females: - CORRECT ANSWER-0.9 kcal/kg/hour As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we must adjust eating habits to prevent weight gain. - CORRECT ANSWER-1-2 % Thermic effect of food (TEF) - CORRECT ANSWER-the energy used for digestion and absorption of food and accounts for approximately 10% of the calories expended. larger meals higher in protein result in a higher ________ - CORRECT ANSWER-thermic effect of food (TEF) Thermogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER-the ability to regulate temperature and activities such as fidgeting, maintaining body posture, and shivering. ( energy burned through this process is very small) Physical activity - CORRECT ANSWER-accounts for 15-40% of our energy expenditure