A Level Physical Chemistry AQA questions and answers 100% verified.

A Level Physical Chemistry AQA questions and answers 100% verified. 1 - ANS.relative mass of a proton 1 - ANS.relative mass of a neutron 1/1840 - ANS.relative mass of an electron +1 - ANS.relative charge of a proton 0 - ANS.relative charge of a neutron -1 - ANS.Relative charge of an electron strong nuclear force - ANS.How is the nucleus held together nuclear force - ANS.is the nuclear force or electrostatic force stronger number of protons - ANS.what does the atomic number represent atomic number z - ANS.the number of protons in an atom number of protons and neutrons - ANS.what does the mass number represent mass number (A) - ANS.the number of nucleons in an atom isotopes - ANS.atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons electrons - ANS.what determines the reactivity of an atom H1/H2/H3 - ANS.hydrogen isotopes Cl35/Cl37 - ANS.Chlorine isotopes Br79/Br81 - ANS.Bromine isotopes C-14 - ANS.Carbon isotope used for carbon dating 2 - ANS.Number of electrons the first shell can hold 8 - ANS.Number of electrons the second shell can hold 18 - ANS.Number of electrons the third shell can hold Relative Atomic Mass - ANS.Ar Relative Atomic Mass - ANS.average mass of 1 atom/1/12 of 1 atom of C-12 determines the mass of separate atoms - ANS.What does the mass spectrometer do? Vacuum - ANS.First step of the TOF Spectrometer Time of Flight Mass spectrometer - ANS.TOF spectrometer full Kept under a high vacuum to avoid collisions with air molecules - ANS.Vacuum step (TOF) Ionisation - ANS.Second step of the TOF spectrometer Dissolved in solvent and passing through needle to a positive terminal with a high voltage producing positively charged droplets which have lost electrons - ANS.First method of ionisation (TOF) Molecules gain a proton - ANS.Second method of ionisation (TOF) Acceleration - ANS.Third step of the TOF spectrometer Positive ions attached to a negative plate so they accelerate towards it, faster depending on their m/z ratio - ANS.Acceleration step (TOF) mass/charge - ANS.m/z ratio Ion Drift - ANS.Fourth step of the TOF spectrometer Ions pass through a hole in the negative plate, forming a beam to travel along the flight tube to the detector - ANS.Ion Drift step (TOF) Detection - ANS.Fifth step of the TOF spectrometer Ions with highest velocities arrive at the detector first and flight times recorded. Ions pick up an electron which causes a current to flow so they are detected - ANS.Detection step (TOF) Data Analaysis - ANS.Sixth step of the TOF spectrometer signal from the detector goes to a computer which generates the mass spectrum - ANS.Data Analysis step (TOF) Identify the abundance of different isotopes - ANS.What can the mass spectrometer do abundance - ANS.what does the height of a peak on a mass spectrum give m/z - ANS.what does the horizontal axis on a mass spectrum give (abundance x m/z) + (abundance x m/z) all over total abundance - ANS.How to work out the Ar of an element from a mass spectrum 2n2 - ANS.General formula for the maximum number of electrons each energy level can hold s,p,d,f - ANS.four different atomic sub-levels s - ANS.Which sub-levels does the first shell contain s,p - ANS.Which sub-levels does the second shell contain s,p,d - ANS.Which sub-levels does the third shell contain 2 - ANS.Number of electrons the s sub-level can hold 6 - ANS.Number of electrons the p sub-level can hold 3 - ANS.Maximum number of p-orbitals per shell 10 - ANS.Number of electrons the d sub-level can hold 5 - ANS.Maximum number of d-orbitals per shell s-orbital - ANS. p-orbital - ANS. Atomic orbital - ANS.A region of space around an atomic nucleus where there is a high probability (95%) of finding an electron cloud of negative charge - ANS.what are electrons if not a solid particle It has a lower energy (fills before the 3d) - ANS.what property does the 4d shell have compared to the 3d and what does this mean opposite spins - ANS.what must two electrons in the same orbital have First rule of allocating electrons to atomic orbitals - ANS.Atomic orbitals of lower energies are filled first (same goes for sub-levels) Second rule of allocating electrons to atomic orbitals - ANS.Atomic orbitals of the same energy fill up singly before pairing starts Electrons repel - ANS.Why do atomic orbitals fill singly before pairing? 2 - ANS.Number of electrons which can fit in any sub-level 1s2 2s1 - ANS.Electronic configuration of lithium (3 electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 - ANS.Full electronic configuration of calcium (20 electrons) [Ar]4s2 - ANS.Short electronic configuration of calcium (20 electrons) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 - ANS.Full electronic configuration of Calcium ion (calcium has 20 electrons) 3d4/3d9 - ANS.Which electronic configurations do not exist for neutral atoms? (d orbital) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 - ANS.Full electronic configuration of chromium 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1 - ANS.Full electronic configuration of copper The energy required to remove a mole of electrons from a mole of isolated gaseous atoms or ions - ANS.Ionisation Energy (definition)