ESL Certification Test Prep 2024

ESL Certification Test Prep 2024 Homonyms - answerWords that have 2 or more meanings Homographs - answer2 words that have the same spelling and/or pronunciation but different meanings (bat/bat) Homophones - answer2 words that have the same pronunciation but different spelling and meanings (wood/would) Heteronyms - answer2 words that have the same spelling but have different pronunciations and meanings (Polish/polish) Orthography - answerWriting words with the proper letters. The way in which the words of a language are spelled. Minimal Pairs - answerA pair of words that are different only by a single sound (desk/disk, fan/van, sit/seat, wet/wait) Relative Pronouns - answerConnects a clause or phrase to a noun or pronoun (that, which, whose, who, whom) Possessive Pronouns - answerShow ownership (mine, hers, his, yours, ours, theirs, my) Reflexive Pronouns - answerWhen we refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause (end in -self or -selves: myself, herself, ourselves, themselves) Indefinite Pronouns - answerDoesn't refer to any specific person, thing, or amount (all, another, any, anybody, few, many, one, some, several) 1981 Castaneda vs. Pickard - answerRoy Castaneda vs. Raymondville ISD. Claimed RISD was discriminating against his kids because of their ethnicity. Courts established a 3-pronged test for evaluating programs serving ELL's (Castaneda Standard): 1. base programs on educational theory 2. implement programs 3. evaluate programs 1982 Plyler vs. Doe - answerUndocumented children have the right to go to school 1974 Lau vs. Nichols - answerCase by Chinese American students in San Fran who had LEP. Claimed they were not receiving special help due to inability to speak English. They said it violated Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Phonology (language systems) - answerStudy of the system and pattern of speech sounds of a languag