NUR2063 Mid term Exam 1: Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 1 Review Latest

ABCDE rule when monitoring skin lesions. A stands for - A- ASYMMETRICAL ABCDE. B stands for - borders ABCDE. C stands for - Color ABCDE. D stands for - Diameter ABCDE. E stands for - Evolving acne vulgaris - commonly affects adolescents, but can occur at any age. present as white or blackhead. active immunity - immunity associated with vaccines active transport - requires ATP, for the movement of solutes from an area of low to high concentration against concentration gradients. adaptive(acquired) immunity - this type of immunity is specific and protects by way of cellular-mediated(cell) and humoral-mediated(antibody) mechanisms. ADH(antiduretic hormone) - produced by the pituitary gland in response to the hypothalamus. alarm stage - fight or flight. stimulates (SNS) RESULTING IN RELEASE OF EPINEPHRINE AND CORTISOL. albinism - melanin disorder. inherited condition that results in little to no melanin production. lack of pigmentation in the skin jair and iris of the eye. melanin plays an important role in the development of certain optical nerves. lack of melanin production also impairs optic nerve development. aldosterone acts on - distal tubules and promotes reabsorption of Na+ and H2O in the blood. ALDOSTERONE released by - adrenal cortex alteration in homeostasis - FVD( fluid volume deficit), FVE( fluid volume excess), fever, chills and acidosis. amputation - may be necessary due to PVD and gangrene, trauma, malignancy, or congenital defects. anaplasia - loss of differentiation. cell loses expected structure and function. ankylosing spondylitis - progressive inflammatory disorder in which joints calcify and fuse together affecting the spine and large joints. type of arthritis that causes the spine to stiffen and possibly fuse. apoptosis - normal cell cycle ends with programmed death. cancer cells do not undergo apoptosis. atrophy - the wasting away or deterioration of muscle. size and strength of muscle fibers decrease. ex muscle atrophy due to extremity in a cast due to fracture, or confined to bed after injury. benign cancers - slow, progressive, localized, defined, and differe