Module 5 Prevention of Pediatric Overweight and Obesity

BMI is the most common outcome measure used in research and program evaluation. Which statement is true: a) Behavioral outcome measures such as changes in sleep duration or sedentary behavior may be more reflective of long-term change than BMI. b) BMI is an effective measure of adiposity. c) Changes in BMI may be slow to occur but generally are long term. d) In obese children and adolescents BMI responds quickly to changes in dietary intake. – Ans Behavioral outcome measures such as changes in sleep duration or sedentary behavior may be more reflective of long-term change than BMI. Consider the different factors that contribute to obesity such as diet, activity, sedentary behavior, screen time, sleep, stress, caregivers and socioeconomic status. Which action would be a protective lifestyle change? a. Help parent get a babysitter. b. Refer a teenager for a sleep study. c. Refer a preschooler for a dental evaluation for caries. d. Remove the television from a school age child's bedroom. – Ans Remove the television from a school age child's bedroom. Efforts to reduce obesity in young children have not been shown to lead to significant drops in incidence in childhood obesity. This article promotes a. Clinic based treatment as physicians can intervene when excessive weight gain is assessed. b. In home intervention during infancy before excessive weight gain occurs. c. Elementary school intervention as school aged children are more eager to make change. d. Middle school intervention to prevent excessive adolescent weight gain, which is most linked to adult obesity. – Ans In home intervention during infancy before excessive weight gain occurs. In 2014, just over 60% of children consumed at least one sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) per day. Prevention efforts to combat obesity by addressing SSB have included a) Encouraging use of beverages with non-nutritive sweeteners such as "diet" beverages b) Smaller containers of SSB c) Taxing SSB at higher rates d) Encouraging substitution of juices and fruit drinks for soda – Ans Taxing SSB at higher rates Parenting style is a factor in development of pediatric obesity. The risk of developing obesity is less when a) Mealtimes are structured and families eat together often b) Parents offer high calorie foods only as a reward for positive behavior c) Parents restrict sweet and fatty foods d) Require that children eat vegetables and protein foods before dessert – Ans Mealtimes are structured and families eat together often Poor sleep in obesity has been linked to greater risk for a. Fatty liver b. Insulin resistance c. Psoriasis d. PCOS – Ans Insulin resistance Research has indicated that obesity prevention efforts at school age are often ineffective because a) Not all children participate in school lunch and food offered cannot be controlled b) The origins of lifelong obesity are established in infancy or early childhood c) Physical education is not consistently available d) School funding has decreased. – Ans The origins of lifelong obesity are established in infancy or early childhood This is an example of primary prevention of obesity: a. Banning television advertisement of sugar sweetened beverages. b. Blood sugar screening in WIC clinics at 3-year visit. c. Later start time for high school. d. Sleep studies for overweight adolescents – Ans Banning television advertisement of sugar sweetened beverages. You are partnering with a local supermarket to encourage vegetable consumption in teenagers . Your campaign will: a. Include personal appearances (at schools and stores) and pictures of local baseball and basketball players eating vegetables throughout the store. b. Place informational cards next to vegetables in the market with the nutrient composition comparing the vegetables to cookies and candy. c. Place recipe cards for vegetable dishes at the checkout stand and provide those recipes to the school cafeteria staff. d. Provide re-useable grocery bags with pictures of vegetables. – Ans Include personal appearances (at schools and stores) and pictures of local baseball and basketball players eating vegetables throughout the store.