MTTC integrated science 094 Life Sciences and General Knowledge Exam Questions & Answers Solved 100%

volumetric flask - Answer used to accurately prepare solutions of various concentrations often used in titrations erlenmeyer flask - Answer can be used for mixing, transporting, and reacting, but are not appropriate for accurate measurements repippette - Answer hand operated pump that dispenses solutions beakers - Answer can be used to measure mass or dissolve a solvent into a soulte graduated cylinder - Answer used for precise measurements and are more accurate than erlenmeyer flasks or beakers burette - Answer used to accurately dispense liquid wet mount slides - Answer used with a light microscope typically require a thin portion of the specimen to be placed on a standard glass slide graticule slide - Answer is marked with a grid line and is useful for counting or estimating a quantity what is the most accurate balance? - Answer electronic, triple beam, spring beam Chromatography - Answer set of lab techniques used to separate or analyze mixtures preparative chromatography - Answer the type of chromotography that involves purifiying a substance for further use rather than further analysis Analytical chromatography - Answer Type of chromatography that involved analyzing the isolated substance. Gas Chromatography - Answer the separation technique in which the mobile phase of a substance is in gas form centrifuge - Answer used to separate the components of a heterogeneous mixture by spinning it; the solid precipitate settles in the bottom of the container and the liquid component of the solution (centrifuge) is at the top Spectrophotometry - Answer measuring the amount of visible light absorbed by a colored solution single beam spectrometer - Answer measures relative light intesity double beam spectrometer - Answer compares light intensity between a reference sample and a test sample spectrophotometer - Answer has an illumination source; an output wavelength is selected and beamed at the sample and the sample absorbs light, and the detector responds to the light and outputs an analog electronic current in a useable form Electrophoresis - Answer separation of molecules based on electrical charge Calorimetry - Answer used to determine the heat released or absorbed in a chemical reaction what is the accepted standard of measurement in the scientific community? - Answer metric system what are the basic units of measurement in the metric system? - Answer meter (length), liter (volume), gram (mass) additional base units of the metric system - Answer ampere (electrical current), kelvin (thermodynamic tempurature), mole (amount of a substance at molecular level) the independent variable is graphed on what axis - Answer x regression analysis - Answer measures the impact of a set of variables on another variable Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Answer made first simple microscope; observed the first single celled organism Carl Linnaeus - Answer Created a method to classify plants and animals, which became known as the Linnaean taxonomy. This was an important contribution because it offered a way to organize and therefore study large amounts of data. Charles Darwin - Answer English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection () Gregor Mendel - Answer Father of genetics Barbara McClintock - Answer Discovered the ability of genes to change positions on the chromosome; created first genetic map James Watson and Francis Crick - Answer discovered the structure of DNA What are greenhouse gases? - Answer ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane free radicals - Answer naturally occurring, highly reactive chemicals that form in the presence of oxygen acid rain - Answer rain containing nitric and sulfuric acids Eutrophication - Answer depletion of oxygen in a body of water what greenhouse gas is emitted from landfills? - Answer methane landfill leachate - Answer contains acids from car batteries solvents, heavy metals, pesticides, motor oil, paint, household cleaning supplies, plastics and many other potentially harmful substances. some are dangerous when they get into the ecosystem. lead mercury and others are toxic. remote sensing - Answer A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study. Hormones - Answer regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and fluid balance endocrine hormones - Answer hormones secreted by the endocrine glands into the bloodstream steroid hormones - Answer hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex; control protein in muscle and bones Pancreas - Answer secreates insulin and glucagon pituitary gland - Answer The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. Thyroid - Answer secretes hormones that are involved in brain development, reproductive tract functions and metabolism regulation thymus - Answer secretes thymosin Carbohydrates - Answer primary source of energy; converted to glucose fats - Answer needed to process vitamins and store energy; have highest calories per gram value fiber - Answer helps exretory system; regular blood sugar, reduce heart diease, help food pass through digestive system and adds bulk Protein - Answer consist of amino acids, broken down to use for fuel Vitamin A (retinol) - Answer immune system function, cell growth, eye function vitamin B - Answer enzyme cofactor Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - Answer an antioxidant vitamin needed for proper repair of the skin and tissues. Vitamin D (calciferol) - Answer Function- Helps absorb calcium; build bones, teeth. Food Source- Enriched milk, fish, liver oils, sunshine on skin Deficiency- Rickets; weak bones, teeth Vitamin E - Answer found in nuts, seeds and vegtable oils; plays a role in enzyme catalysis Vitamin K (phylloquinone) - Answer important in blood clotting dietary calcium - Answer involved in muscle formation and bone structure Dietary chloride - Answer found in salt; cell homeostasis and neuron function Iodine - Answer in diary products, eggs and fish; component of tyroid hormones dietary iron - Answer meats, green vegetables, eggs; used by protiens and elements Dietary Magnesium - Answer nuts and soy beans; ATP synthesis dietary phosphorus - Answer protien rich foods; component of bones and nucleic acids Dietary Potassium - Answer involved in ATP synthesis dietary sodium - Answer cell homeostatis and neuron function dioecious - Answer Having male and female reproductive organs in separate plants or animals Meiosis - Answer Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms Gametogenesis - Answer production of gametes