HORT 2050 Final Exam- LSU Mirabello Exam Questions And Answers

HORT 2050 Final Exam- LSU Mirabello Exam Questions And Answers What are the major concerns for quality nursery production? - ANS -Climate (suitable for plant growth and development) -Water (quality and source) -Pest Management (fire ant quarantine, citrus greening) -Labor -Markets and Transportation (shipping) What is the most critical concern for quality nursery production? Why? - ANS -Water--the pH impacts fertilizer, nutrient availability, pesticides, and the plant's reaction with disinfectants -Water quality should be tested to ensure it is acceptable for plant growth and to minimize the risk of discharging pollutants to surface or groundwater What are the 4 warm season turfgrasses grown in Louisiana? - ANS -Bermudagrass -Centipedegrass -Zoysiagrass -St. Augustinegrass What is primarily made from "Jumbo" sweet potato roots? - ANS Fries For what purpose does Dr. Labonte create sweet potato "nurseries"? - ANS To cross pollinate sweet potato selections for seed production Name and describe the three basic steps used to breed sweet potato as described by Dr. Labonte. - ANS 1. Nursery: grow/make seed 2. Greenhouse evaluation (early sorting for traits) 3. Field test for resistances, etc (positive traits) Sweet potato growers generally earn higher profits for roots sold for..? - ANS Fresh market Why do sweet potato growers save a portion of each year's crop? - ANS Plant next year's crop What is the advantage of using "mass selection" as a breeding technique? - ANS Allows breeder to evaluate many selections Name a trait that a sweet potato breeder selecting for edible roots may consider. - ANS yield Where are the concentrated areas of nursery crop production in Louisiana? - ANS -St. Martin Parish, Lafayette Parish, Iberia Parish (South LA) -Washington Parish, St. Tammany Parish, Tangipahoa Parish (East LA) -Rapides Parish (Central LA) Where is the fire ant quarantine? What does it mean? - ANS -Southeastern United States -any quarantined article would have to be inspected and permitted to move into the IFA (imported fire ant) free area What is citrus greening? - ANS -a disease which results in deformed fruit and prevents citrus from ripening -no cure once tree is infected What equipment is needed for field production? - ANS spades and tractors Describe the soil for field production. - ANS -internal drainage -sloped What are the advantages of field production? - ANS size and cost What are the disadvantages of field production? - ANS -mobility -survivability -establishment time What are the most important factors in achieving field production? - ANS -soil -equipment -root management What are the most important factors in achieving container production? - ANS -media (methods) -containers -fertilizers -labeling and bar coding What is container production? - ANS the practice of growing plants, including edible plants, exclusively in containers instead of planting them in the ground What media are used for container production? - ANS -Rather than using soil, pine bark is often used -depends on sources and availability as well (peat moss, perlite, etc) In container production, are all container sizes the same? - ANS No! What are the advantages of container production? - ANS -handling and mobility -intact root system -improved establishment and survivability What are the disadvantages of container production? - ANS -growth rate and size -cost What does PDSI stand for? - ANS Plant Development Services, Inc. What major concern of quality nursery production does PDSI address? - ANS Marketing What plants has PDSI brought to the market? - ANS -encore azaleas -knockout roses -red hollies What are turfgrasses? - ANS -plants that form a continuous ground cover which will persist under regular mowing and traffic What is one of the most important families in the plant kingdom? - ANS Grass family (Poaceae family) What does the Poaceae family encompass? - ANS -600 genera -7500+ species How many species of the Poaceae family are important for turfgrasses? - ANS Less than 30 have major importance as turfgrasses Describe the evolution of turfgrasses. - ANS -Grasses evolved over time as a result of constant grazing by animals. -The growing point, or crown, is located so close to the surface of the ground that it can tolerate regular grazing and/or mowing True or False: Most turfgrasses used in the United States originated in this continent. - ANS False-- Most turfgrasses used in the United States are native to other continents Where are bluegrasses, fescues, ryegrasses, and bentgrasses from? - ANS Europe Where are zoysiagrasses from? - ANS Asia Where is bermudagrass from? - ANS Africa Where is St. Augustinegrass from? - ANS West Indies Where is centipedegrass from? - ANS South China What is buffalograss? - ANS Grass native to the midwestern plains and used as early as 1200 AD by Native Americans, and later by pioneers, to build houses