FNDH 400 Final questions and answers well illustrated.

FNDH 400 Final questions and answers well illustrated. T/F: Compared to amylopectin, amylose is branched and contains alpha-1-6 bonds at its branch points. - correct answers.False. Compared to amylose, amylopectin is branched and contains alpha-1-6 bonds at its branch points. T/F: Compared to amylopectin, an oligosaccharide is longer and contains less prevalent alpha 1-6 bonds. - correct answers.False. Compared to amylopectin, an oligosaccharide is shorter and contains more prevalent alpha 1-6 bonds. T/F: Compared to amylopectin, glycogen is more branched, and also has alpha 1-6 bonds at its branch points. - correct answers.True T/F: Trans fatty acids have lower melting points than cis fatty acids, meaning trans fatty acids are more likely to be liquid at room temperature. - correct answers.False. Cis fatty acids have lower melting points than trans fatty acids, meaning cis fatty acids are more likely to be liquid at room temperature. T/F: In individuals with PKU, since proline cannot be converted to tryptophan because of the mutation in proline hydroxylase, tryptophan is conditionally essential in these individuals. - correct answers.False. In individuals with PKU, since phenylalanine cannot be converted to tyrosine because of the mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase, tyrosine is conditionally essential in these individuals. T/F: Individuals with PKU need to consume a high protein diet and avoid consuming the amino acid advantame, because it can be broken down to the amino acid proline. - correct answers.False. Individuals with PKU need to consume a low protein diet and avoid consuming the alternative sweetener aspartame, because it can be broken down to the amino acid phenylalanine. T/F: A product that contains inulin (oligofructose) and bifidobacterium could be considered a symbiotic. - correct answers.True T/F: In the stomach, pancreatic lipase and amylase digest lipid and protein, respectively. - correct answers.False. In the stomach, gastric lipase and pepsin digest triglyceride and protein, respectively. T/F: Since high-fructose corn syrup contains free fructose, it will result in more fructose being available for uptake and absorption than sucrose. - correct answers.False. High-fructose corn syrup contains free fructose, it will result in approximately the same amount fructose being available for uptake and absorption than sucrose. T/F: A limiting amino acid is an essential amino acid that is present in inadequate amount in a protein preventing it from being a complete protein. - correct answers.True T/F: Heartburn results from a leaky pyloric sphincter, which allows gastric fluid to enter the duodenum. - correct answers.False. Heartburn results from a leaky lower esophageal sphincter, which allows gastric fluid to enter the esophagus. T/F: Maramus results from inadequate protein, but adequate caloric intake and is characterized by an extended abdomen. - correct answers.False. Kwashiorkor results from inadequate protein, but adequate caloric intake and is characterized by an extended abdomen. T/F: Complementary proteins provide the essential amino acid found in inadequate amounts in the other protein, thus complementing one another. - correct answers.True T/F: Fermentable, viscous fiberis readily excreted in feces and also increases stool bulk and transit time thus decreasing constipation and colon cancer risk. - correct answers.False. Nonfermentable, nonviscous fiber is readily excreted in feces and also increases stool bulk and transit time thus decreasing constipation and colon cancer risk. T/F: Mannitol (a sugar alcohol), is a poor option for use in products like chewing gum because it is readily fermented by bacteria in the mouth, decreasing acid production, and thus reducing cavities. - correct answers.False. Mannitol (a sugar alcohol), is a good option for use in products like chewing gum because it is not fermented by bacteria in the mouth, decreasing acid production, and thus reducing cavities. T/F: Glucose is the sweetest monosaccharide, while fructose is seldom found free in nature. - correct answers.False. Fructose is the sweetest monosaccharide, while galactose is seldom found free in nature.