TNCC 9th Edition Final Exam Questions & Verified Answers | Updated

TNCC 9th Edition Final Exam Questions & Verified Answers | Updated MARCH mneumonic - ANSWER Massive Hemorrhage: Control with combat gauze, celox gauze, or chito gauze; replacement of blood loss with whole blood or 1:1:1 ratio of plasma, RBC, and platelets to achieve SBP of 80-90mmHg. Airway: Establish and maintain patent airway Respiration: Decompress suspected tension pneumothorax, seal open chest wounds, and support ventilation and oxygenation as required. Circulation: Provide vascular access (IV/IO) and administer fluids as required to treat shock Head injury/Hypothermia: Prevent or treat hypotension and hypoxia to prevent worsening of TBI and prevent or treat hypothermia. AVPU - ANSWER Assessing Alertness A: Alert and oriented V: Responds to verbal stimuli P: Responds only to painful stimuli U: Unresponsive LACE - ANSWER Soft Tissue Injuries L: Lacerations A: Abrasions, Avulsions C: Contusions E: Edema, Ecchymosis Urinary Catheter Contraindications - ANSWER if urethral transsection is suspected: -blood at the urethral meatus -perineal ecchymosis -scrotal ecchymosis -high-riding or nonpalpable prostate Breathing Intervention Reassessment - ANSWER 1. Attach CO2 detector 2. Listen over epigastrum 3. Bilateral breath sounds at midaxillary and midclavicular lines 4. Color change after 6 breaths 5. Monitor skin color; get xr Troubleshooting Ventilator Alarms - ANSWER D: Displaced Tube O: Obstructed or Kinked Tube P: Pneumothorax E: Equipment failure, such as the patient becoming detached from the equipment or loss of capnography Seven P's of RSI - ANSWER -Preparation: ensure you have all necessary equipment and personnel. Verify IV sites -Preoxygenation: high flow oxygen for minimum of 3 minutes. Position is HOB elevated to 20 degrees. For spinal precautions, reverse Trendelenburg at 30 degrees. -Pre-intubation optimization: Lidocaine (may reduce risk of rise in ICP during intubation) or Fentanyl (mitigates sympathetic response increased HR and BP during intubation) administration -Paralysis with induction -Protection: after neuromuscular blocking agent is administered, protect the airway from aspiration by avoiding BVM, which can result in regurgitation and aspiration. -Placement with proof: inflate ETT cuff, secure, use ETCO2 for confirmation -Post-intubation management: secure tube and note measurement; xr. Inductions Agents for RSI - ANSWER Etomidate Ketamine Midazolam Propofol Paralysis Agents for RSI - ANSWER Succinylcholine Rocuronium Vecuronium Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - ANSWER Normal: 60-100 mm Hg Acceptable: 50-70 mm Hg Hypercarbia - ANSWER PaCO2 > 4