Psych 135 UCLA Exam 1 Questions and Answers Best rated A+ Guaranteed Success

Diffusion of Responsibility - the tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting the same way Social Psychology - study of how we think about, influence, feelings, and relate to one another/group - PERCEIVED thoughts, feelings, behaviors of others can be just as influential as their ACTUAL thoughts, feelings, and behaviors Subjective Construals - (i.e., our subjective interpretations of objective stimuli) -determine how we respond to particular situations. Social Psychology is NOT... - Abnormal Psych, demographics, sociology, personality Social Psychology is About... - the power of the situation (social influence) and how individuals are influenced by their construals of social situations (social construal) Social Psychology is... - empirical, applicable to practical problems how age, race, and gender can shape how people behave without their conscious consent understanding aggression and when it emerges etc. Kinds of Research Designs: - Observational/ArchivalCorrelational Experimental Basic Applied Observational/Archival Research Design - Takes variables from the natural world and searches for a relationship between them Correlational Research Design - Looking for a relationship between variables Advantages: - no manipulation - able to study variables that are deemed unethical to experiment - a useful 1st step in research Disadvantages: - no CAUSATION can be inferred "The Dangers of Drawing Causal Claims from Correlational Data" --> POLIO AND ICE CREAM EXAMPLE - Observation: when ice cream sales rise, polio diagnoses spike (erroneous) conclusion: ice cream consumption is a risk factor for polio Reality: both polio and ice cream sales rise in the summer for UNRELATED reasons^ third variable problem ( unaccounted for ) Experimental Research Design - - can help us determine cause and effect - IV and DV - Operationalization: turning an empirical question into an experiment - figure out how to measure them in a lab - Example --> "Do the number of witnesses affect whether someone will help?" Operationalization - turning an empirical question into an experiment How to control for individual differences? - Random Assignment!